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Shloka 18

आदि पर्व — अध्याय ८३: ययाति-इन्द्र-संवादः तथा अष्टक-प्रश्नः

Yayāti–Indra Dialogue and Aṣṭaka’s Inquiry

दृष्टवा तु तेषां बालानां प्रणयं पार्थिवं प्रति । बुद्ध्वा च तत्त्वं सा देवी शर्मिष्ठामिदमब्रवीत्‌,उन बालकोंका राजाके प्रति विशेष प्रेम देखकर देवयानी सारा रहस्य समझ गयी और शर्मिष्ठासे इस प्रकार बोली

dṛṣṭvā tu teṣāṃ bālānāṃ praṇayaṃ pārthivaṃ prati | buddhvā ca tattvaṃ sā devī śarmiṣṭhām idam abravīt ||

Seeing the special affection those boys bore toward the king, and discerning the true state of affairs, the noble lady Devayānī understood the hidden matter and spoke to Śarmiṣṭhā as follows—moving the story toward a moral reckoning about loyalty, influence, and the consequences of concealed intentions.

दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तेषाम्of those
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, plural
बालानाम्of the boys/children
बालानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootबाल
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
प्रणयम्affection/love
प्रणयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रणय
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
पार्थिवम्royal; of the king
पार्थिवम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपार्थिव
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
प्रतिtowards
प्रति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति
बुद्ध्वाhaving understood
बुद्ध्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्त्वम्the truth/reality
तत्त्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्व
Formneuter, accusative, singular
साshe
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
देवीthe lady (Devayānī)
देवी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवी
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
शर्मिष्ठाम्Śarmiṣṭhā (to/at her)
शर्मिष्ठाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशर्मिष्ठा
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
Formimperfect (लङ्), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Devayānī
Ś
Śarmiṣṭhā
P
pārthiva (the king)
B
bālāḥ (the boys)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights ethical discernment: by observing patterns of attachment and loyalty, one can infer concealed truths. It suggests that hidden motives in relationships—especially around power—eventually become legible through conduct, prompting accountability.

Vaiśampāyana narrates that Devayānī notices the boys’ unusual fondness toward the king. From this sign she understands the underlying reality of the situation and then addresses Śarmiṣṭhā, setting up a consequential exchange.