Mahabharata 1.222.19 — Adi Parva, Adhyaya 222, Shloka 19

Jarītā–Śārṅgā-saṃvāda: Ākhu-haraṇa and the Approach of Agni (आखुहरणं अग्न्यागमनश्च)

Devanagari script

तस्य नान्याभवद्‌ बुद्धिर्दिवसे दिवसे नूप | सत्रे क्रियासमारम्भे दानेषु विविधेषु च

Transliteration

tasya nānyābhavad buddhir divase divase nṛpa | satre kriyāsamārambhe dāneṣu vividheṣu ca ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana said: Day after day, O king, his mind entertained no other thought. He remained absorbed in the commencement and performance of sacrificial sessions (satra) and in the giving of gifts of many kinds.

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• अन्या: another (any other)
• अन्या: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• अभवत्: was/arose
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• बुद्धिः: thought, intention, mind
• बुद्धिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुद्धि
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• दिवसे: on a day
• दिवसे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिवस
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• दिवसे: on (each) day
• दिवसे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिवस
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• नृप: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• सत्रे: in a sacrificial session (sattra)
• सत्रे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्र
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• क्रिया-समारम्भे: at the commencement of rites
• क्रिया-समारम्भे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रिया + समारम्भ
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• दानेषु: in gifts/charities
• दानेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दान
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Plural

• विविधेषु: various
• विविधेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• nṛpa (the king addressed)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights a dharmic ideal: steadfastness in prescribed ritual responsibility (yajña/satra) combined with generosity (dāna). Ethical excellence is shown as consistent daily orientation toward duty and giving, rather than fluctuating desires.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana describes a person whose daily life is dominated by sacrificial undertakings and diverse acts of charity; the king is addressed as the listener, and the passage emphasizes the subject’s unwavering commitment to yajña and dāna.