HomeMahabharataAdi ParvaAdhyaya 1Shloka 148
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Shloka 148

अनुक्रमणिकाध्यायः (Anukramaṇikā Adhyāya) — Invocation, Narrator Frame, and Textual Scope

गान्धारराजसहितश्छट्द्यूतममन्त्रयत्‌ । तत्र यद्‌ यद्‌ यथा ज्ञातं मया संजय तच्छुणु,राजसूय-यज्ञमें महापराक्रमी पाण्डुपुत्र युधिष्ठिरकी सर्वोपरि समृद्धि-सम्पत्ति देखकर तथा सभाभवनकी सीढ़ियोंपर चढ़ते और उस भवनको देखते समय भीमसेनके द्वारा उपहास पाकर दुर्योधन भारी अमर्षमें भर गया था। युद्धमें पाण्डवोंको हरानेकी शक्ति तो उसमें थी नहीं; अतः क्षत्रिय होते हुए भी वह युद्धके लिये उत्साह नहीं दिखा सका। परंतु पाण्डवोंकी उस उत्तम सम्पत्तिको हथियानेके लिये उसने गान्धारराज शकुनिको साथ लेकर कपट॒पूर्ण द्यूत खेलनेका ही निश्चय किया। संजय! इस प्रकार जूआ खेलनेका निश्चय हो जानेपर उसके पहले और पीछे जो-जो घटनाएँ घटित हुई हैं उन सबका विचार करते हुए मैंने समय-समयपर विजयकी आशाके विपरीत जो-जो अनुभव किया है उसे कहता हूँ, सुनो--

gāndhārarājasahitaś chaṭdyūtam amantrayat | tatra yad yad yathā jñātaṃ mayā saṃjaya tac chṛṇu ||

Along with the king of Gandhāra, he devised a deceitful game of dice. O Saṃjaya, listen to what I have understood—how each event unfolded there, in the manner it became known to me.

गान्धारराजसहितःaccompanied by the king of Gandhāra
गान्धारराजसहितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगान्धारराजसहित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
छत्deceit, trick
छत्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootछद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
द्यूतम्gambling, dice-play
द्यूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्यूत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अमन्त्रयत्he planned/consulted about
अमन्त्रयत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमन्त्र्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्रthere; in that matter
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
यत्what(ever)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
यत्what(ever)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
यथाas, in whatever manner
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
ज्ञातम्known, ascertained
ज्ञातम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, Past passive participle (kta)
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Instrumental, Singular
संजयO Sañjaya
संजय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शृणुhear, listen
शृणु:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormImperative (Loṭ), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
D
Duryodhana
Ś
Śakuni
G
Gāndhāra
S
Saṃjaya
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bhīmasena
P
Pāṇḍavas
R
Rājasūya-yajña
S
Sabha (assembly hall)
D
Dyūta (dice game)

Educational Q&A

When a person cannot accept another’s prosperity with self-control, envy turns into unethical strategy. The verse signals a moral decline: instead of righteous contest (dharma-yuddha), Duryodhana chooses deception (chaṭdyūta), showing how adharma begins with inner resentment and ends in harmful action.

After being humiliated and burning with jealousy at Yudhiṣṭhira’s Rājasūya success, Duryodhana, lacking confidence to win by war, consults Śakuni of Gandhāra and resolves to use a rigged dice game to seize the Pāṇḍavas’ wealth and position. The speaker then tells Saṃjaya to listen as he recounts the sequence of events as he has understood them.