Shloka 77

Dāna as Prāyaścitta; Deathbed Gifts; Antyeṣṭi Procedures; Nārāyaṇa-bali for Untimely Deaths

Devanagari script

तृप्यन्तु तृप्यतां वापि तर्पयाम्युपतिष्ठताम् / प्रेतैतदमुकगोत्रेत्युक्तेष्वेवं समुच्चरेत्

Transliteration

tṛpyantu tṛpyatāṃ vāpi tarpayāmyupatiṣṭhatām / pretaitadamukagotretyukteṣvevaṃ samuccaret

Translation

May they be satisfied; or may they become satisfied. I offer this water-libation (tarpana)—may they be present and accept it. When the formula is to be recited as “O preta named …, of the gotra …,” it should be uttered in this very manner.

Word by Word

• तृप्यन्तु: let them be satisfied
• तृप्यन्तु: Vidhi (Injunctive/विधि)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तृप् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative/आज्ञार्थ), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural); परस्मैपद

• तृप्यताम्: let (it/he) be satisfied
• तृप्यताम्: Vidhi (विधि)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तृप् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); आत्मनेपद; भावे/कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive sense)

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक अव्यय (disjunctive particle)

• अपि: also/even
• अपि: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अप्यर्थक अव्यय (also/even)

• तर्पयामि: I satisfy/propitiate
• तर्पयामि: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तृप् (धातु) (णिच् causative: तर्पय-)
• Form: लट् (Present/वर्तमान), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन (Singular); परस्मैपद; णिच् (causative)

• उपतिष्ठताम्: let them attend/approach
• उपतिष्ठताम्: Vidhi (विधि)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-स्था (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural); आत्मनेपद

• प्रेत: O departed one (preta)
• प्रेत: Sambodhana (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रेत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karma/Pratipādya (Object/that which is said)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• अमुक: so-and-so (named)
• अमुक: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अमुक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषण (adjectival pronoun), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular) (गोत्र-सम्बन्धे)

• गोत्र: in the gotra/lineage
• गोत्र: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन (Singular) (गोत्रे = in the lineage)

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (Quotation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/इत्यर्थक अव्यय (quotative particle)

• उक्तेषु: when (these words) have been uttered
• उक्तेषु: Adhikarana (Locative absolute/सप्तमी)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु) → उक्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), सप्तमी (Locative), बहुवचन (Plural), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter) (उक्तेषु = when (these) are said)

• एवम्: in this manner
• एवम्: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक अव्यय (adverb of manner)

• समुच्चरेत्: should recite/utter aloud
• समुच्चरेत्: Vidhi (विधि)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-उद्-चर् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/विधि), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); परस्मैपद

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Pretayoni

Shraddha Ritual

Ritual Type: Ekoddishta

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: Immediately during tarpaṇa/udaka-dāna sequence for the recently deceased (preta)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Śrāddha/tarpaṇa efficacy depends on proper saṅkalpa: naming (amuka) and gotra to direct offerings to the intended recipient.

Vedantic Theme: Karma-kāṇḍa as niyata-karma: precise intention (saṅkalpa) channels karmic fruit; ritual order supports loka-saṅgraha and pitṛ-ṛṇa discharge.

Application: When performing tarpana, explicitly state the deceased’s name and gotra and recite the satisfaction formula with steadiness and clarity.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: ritual-site (tīrtha/ghṛha/śmaśāna vicinity implied)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa/Śrāddha sections on tarpaṇa and saṅkalpa formulas (adjacent verses 2.4.76–2.4.82); Garuda Purana instructions on naming/gotra in ekoddiṣṭa and parvaṇa śrāddha (elsewhere in 2nd khaṇḍa)

Characters & Entities

• Preta

FAQs

What is the importance of naming the preta with gotra in Garuda Purana rituals?

This verse indicates that the offering is directed to a specific departed person; stating name and gotra ensures the tarpana is ritually addressed to the intended preta and not left vague.

How does this verse explain the interaction between the living and the departed?

It presents a formal invocation: the performer requests the preta to be present (upatiṣṭhatām) and declares the act of satiation (tarpayāmi), framing the rite as a communicative offering meant to reach the departed.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

When performing Shraddha/tarpana, be precise and respectful—clearly dedicate the act to the intended departed relative (by family identification) and perform the offering with mindful intent rather than as a mechanical routine.