Brahmanda Purana — Prakriya Pada, Shloka 53
Yuga-Vibhāga and Kāla-Pramāṇa
Measures of Time and the Four Yugas
Devanagari script
ऋषयस्तपसा वेदान्द्वापरादिष्वधीयते / अनादिनिधिना दिव्याः पूर्वं सृष्टाः स्वयंभुवा
Transliteration
ṛṣayastapasā vedāndvāparādiṣvadhīyate / anādinidhinā divyāḥ pūrvaṃ sṛṣṭāḥ svayaṃbhuvā
Translation
The seers, by the power of austerity, study the Vedas in the Dvāpara and other ages. The Self-born, the divine Treasure without beginning, first created the celestial ṛṣis.
Word by Word
ऋषयःsages
ऋषयः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)
तपसाby austerity
तपसा:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)
वेदान्the Vedas
वेदान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवेद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural)
द्वापर-आदिषुin Dvāpara and other (ages)
द्वापर-आदिषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootद्वापर (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन (Plural); 'द्वापरादि' = द्वापर-प्रभृतिषु (in Dvāpara etc. [yugas])
अधीयतेare studied
अधीयते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-इ (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद; भावे/कर्मणि प्रयोग (impersonal/passive sense): 'is studied/recited'
अनादि-निधिनाby the beginningless store (i.e., Brahmā)
अनादि-निधिना:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनादि (प्रातिपदिक) + निधि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण: 'अनादिनिधि' = whose treasure is beginningless / beginningless store
दिव्याःdivine
दिव्याः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootदिव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (qualifying ऋषयः)
पूर्वम्formerly/at first
पूर्वम्:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्वम् (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक-नपुंसक)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (temporal adverb)
सृष्टाःcreated
सृष्टाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootसृज् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त: क्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); कर्मणि भाव: 'created'
स्वयंभुवाby Svayambhū (Brahmā)
स्वयंभुवा:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वयंभू (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)