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Shloka 8

Mahārāja Parīkṣit Cursed by a Brāhmaṇa Boy (Śṛṅgi) and the Moral Crisis of Kali-yuga

किं नु बालेषु शूरेण कलिना धीरभीरुणा । अप्रमत्त: प्रमत्तेषु यो वृको नृषु वर्तते ॥ ८ ॥

kiṁ nu bāleṣu śūreṇa kalinā dhīra-bhīruṇā apramattaḥ pramatteṣu yo vṛko nṛṣu vartate

Mahārāja Parīkṣit reflected: to the less intelligent, Kali may seem very powerful, but for the self-controlled and vigilant there is nothing to fear. The King, mighty like a tiger, protected the foolish and careless.

किम्what?
किम्:
Prashna (प्रश्न/Interrogative)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; interrogative pronoun
नुindeed/then
नु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात/particle (emphasis, inquiry)
बालेषुamong children
बालेषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootबाल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), बहुवचन; locative plural
शूरेणby a hero/brave one
शूरेण:
Karana (करण/Instrument/Agent-instrumental)
TypeNoun
Rootशूर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; instrumental singular
कलिनाby Kali (the age/personified)
कलिना:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootकलि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; instrumental singular
धीर-भीरुणा(who is) both bold and fearful
धीर-भीरुणा:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootधीर (प्रातिपदिक) + भीरु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; द्वन्द्व-समास (co-ordinate): ‘धीरः च भीरुः च’; instrumental singular qualifying कलिना
अप्रमत्तःnot careless, vigilant
अप्रमत्तः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-प्रमत्त (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from √मद्/प्रमद्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; past passive participle ‘प्रमत्त’ with negation; nominative singular
प्रमत्तेषुamong the careless
प्रमत्तेषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रमत्त (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from √मद्/प्रमद्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), बहुवचन; locative plural
यःwho
यः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; relative pronoun
वृकःa wolf
वृकः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootवृक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; nominative singular (metaphor)
नृषुamong men
नृषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootनृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), बहुवचन; locative plural
वर्ततेmoves about/acts/exists
वर्तते:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√वृत् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

Those who are not devotees of the Lord are careless and unintelligent. Unless one is thoroughly intelligent, one cannot be a devotee of the Lord. Those who are not devotees of the Lord fall prey to the actions of Kali. It will not be possible to bring about a saner condition in society unless we are prepared to accept the modes of action adopted by Mahārāja Parīkṣit, i.e., propagation of the devotional service of the Lord to the common man.

K
Kali

FAQs

This verse portrays Kali as opportunistic—like a wolf—thriving among people who are negligent, and targeting the innocent or unguarded.

To stress Kali’s predatory nature: he is bold only where people lack spiritual alertness, using their carelessness as an opening to spread irreligion.

Be spiritually “apramatta”—avoid heedlessness by keeping disciplined habits (sādhana, truthfulness, self-control) so destructive influences cannot exploit weakness.