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Shloka 7

Bharata Mahārāja’s Attachment to a Deer and His Fall from Yoga

तं त्वेणकुणकं कृपणं स्रोतसानूह्यमानमभिवीक्ष्यापविद्धं बन्धुरिवानुकम्पया राजर्षिर्भरत आदाय मृतमातरमित्याश्रमपदमनयत् ॥ ७ ॥

taṁ tv eṇa-kuṇakaṁ kṛpaṇaṁ srotasānūhyamānam abhivīkṣyāpaviddhaṁ bandhur ivānukampayā rājarṣir bharata ādāya mṛta-mātaram ity āśrama-padam anayat.

Seated on the riverbank, the great king-sage Bharata saw a helpless fawn, carried along by the current, bereft of its mother. Compassion rose within him; like a true friend he lifted the little deer from the waves and, knowing it was motherless, brought it to his āśrama.

तम्him/that one
तम्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; pronoun in Accusative singular
तुbut
तु:
निपात (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विरोध/विशेषार्थक (but/indeed)
एणकुणकम्the deer-fawn
एणकुणकम्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootएण + कुणक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (एणस्य कुणकः ‘fawn of a deer’); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
कृपणम्wretched/pitiable
कृपणम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृपण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; qualifying ‘एणकुणकम्’
स्रोतसाby the current/stream
स्रोतसा:
करण (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootस्रोतस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Instrumental singular
अनूह्यमानम्being carried along
अनूह्यमानम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनु + वह् (धातु)
Formवर्तमानकाले कर्मणि शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त (present passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; qualifying ‘एणकुणकम्’
अभिवीक्ष्यhaving looked at/seeing
अभिवीक्ष्य:
पूर्वकाल-क्रियाविशेषण (Prior action/पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि + वीक्ष् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund), ‘having seen’
अपविद्धम्abandoned
अपविद्धम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअप + विध्/व्यध् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘thrown away/abandoned’ qualifying fawn
बन्धुःa kinsman
बन्धुः:
उपमान (Standard of comparison/उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootबन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; used in simile with ‘इव’
इवas if/like
इव:
उपमा-सूचक (Simile marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमावाचक-अव्यय (like/as)
अनुकम्पयाwith compassion
अनुकम्पया:
करण/हेतु (Instrument/Cause)
TypeNoun
Rootअनुकम्पा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Instrumental singular (means/motive)
राजर्षिःthe royal sage
राजर्षिः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् + ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (राजा चासौ ऋषिः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
भरतःBharata
भरतः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभरत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; proper noun apposition to ‘राजर्षिः’
आदायhaving taken
आदाय:
पूर्वकाल-क्रियाविशेषण (Prior action/पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ + दा (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund), ‘having taken’
मृतमातरम्(the fawn) whose mother was dead
मृतमातरम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootमृत + मातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय (मृता माता यस्य ‘whose mother is dead’/‘dead-mothered’); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; qualifying fawn
इतिthus
इति:
वाक्य-सम्बन्ध (Discourse marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/वाक्यसमाप्तिसूचक-अव्यय (quotative/thus)
आश्रमपदम्to the hermitage
आश्रमपदम्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रम + पद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (आश्रमस्य पदम् ‘hermitage-place’); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
अनयत्brought/led
अनयत्:
क्रिया (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनी (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; ‘led/brought’

The laws of nature work in subtle ways unknown to us. Mahārāja Bharata was a great king very advanced in devotional service. He had almost reached the point of loving service to the Supreme Lord, but even from that platform he could fall down onto the material platform. In Bhagavad-gītā we are therefore warned:

B
Bharata Mahārāja

FAQs

This verse shows Bharata Mahārāja’s tender compassion—he rescues a helpless fawn swept by the river, treating it like a relative and bringing it to his āśrama.

He saw it was abandoned and being carried by the current, and he assumed its mother had died; out of compassion he lifted it and brought it to his āśrama.

Help the helpless with kindness, but remain vigilant that compassion does not turn into binding attachment that distracts from one’s spiritual purpose.