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Shloka 19

Ṛṣabhadeva’s Enthronement, Exemplary Household Life, and the Birth of Bharata and the Nine Yogendras

स कदाचिदटमानो भगवानृषभो ब्रह्मावर्तगतो ब्रह्मर्षिप्रवरसभायां प्रजानां निशामयन्तीनामात्मजानवहितात्मन: प्रश्रयप्रणयभरसुयन्त्रितानप्युपशिक्षयन्निति होवाच ॥ १९ ॥

sa kadācid aṭamāno bhagavān ṛṣabho brahmāvarta-gato brahmarṣi-pravara-sabhāyāṁ prajānāṁ niśāmayantīnām ātmajān avahitātmanaḥ praśraya-praṇaya-bhara-suyantritān apy upaśikṣayann iti hovāca.

Once, while touring the world, Bhagavān Ṛṣabhadeva came to Brahmāvarta, where an august assembly of foremost brahmarṣis was convened and the citizens listened. There He instructed His sons—already humble, affectionate, and well qualified—so that they might one day rule the world flawlessly; thus He spoke.

saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1), Singular
kadācitonce
kadācit:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkadācit (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (कालवाचक) 'once/sometime'
aṭamānaḥwandering
aṭamānaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Root√aṭ (धातु)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1), Singular; present participle (शतृ) 'wandering'
bhagavānthe Lord
bhagavān:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1), Singular
ṛṣabhaḥṚṣabha
ṛṣabhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootṛṣabha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1), Singular; apposition to bhagavān
brahmāvarta-gataḥhaving gone to Brahmāvarta
brahmāvarta-gataḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootbrahmāvarta (प्रातिपदिक) + gata (कृदन्त; √gam धातु)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1), Singular; tatpuruṣa: 'gone to Brahmāvarta' (क्त participle)
brahmarṣi-pravara-sabhāyāmin the assembly of foremost sages
brahmarṣi-pravara-sabhāyām:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahmarṣi (प्रातिपदिक) + pravara (प्रातिपदिक) + sabhā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7), Singular; tatpuruṣa: 'in the assembly of foremost brahmarṣis'
prajānāmof the subjects/people
prajānām:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootprajā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Genitive (6), Plural
niśāmayantīnāmwho were listening
niśāmayantīnām:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootni√śam (धातु)
FormFeminine, Genitive (6), Plural; present participle (शतृ) 'listening/observing' qualifying 'prajānām'
ātmajānhis sons
ātmajān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootātmaja (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2), Plural
avahita-ātmanaḥof the attentive-minded (one)
avahita-ātmanaḥ:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootavahita (कृदन्त; ava√dhā/ava√hā? used as 'attentive') + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6), Singular; bahuvrīhi: 'of him whose mind was attentive/collected' qualifying ṛṣabhaḥ
praśraya-praṇaya-bhara-suyantritānwell-disciplined by humility and affection
praśraya-praṇaya-bhara-suyantritān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootpraśraya + praṇaya + bhara + su-yantrita (कृदन्त; √yam/yantr)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2), Plural; tatpuruṣa chain qualifying 'ātmajān': 'well-restrained/controlled by humility, affection, and the weight of devotion'
apieven
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात) 'even/also'
upaśikṣayaninstructing
upaśikṣayan:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootupa√śikṣ (धातु)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1), Singular; present participle (शतृ) 'instructing'
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (इति-निपात) marking end of speech
haindeed
ha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootha (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (निपात)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular; Parasmaipada

The instructions of Lord Ṛṣabhadeva to His sons are very valuable if one wants to live peacefully within this world, which is full of miseries. In the next chapter, Lord Ṛṣabhadeva gives His sons these valuable instructions.

Ṛṣabhadeva
Ṛṣabhadeva’s sons (ātma-jāḥ)
B
brāhmaṇa sages (brahmarṣis)

FAQs

This verse highlights that Ṛṣabhadeva’s sons were attentive, self-controlled, and guided by humility and affectionate reverence—showing that genuine learning in bhakti begins with disciplined senses and a humble heart before the teacher and the Lord.

Even though they were already restrained and respectful, Ṛṣabhadeva continued instructing them to deepen their realization—indicating that spiritual education is progressive and meant to mature into steady devotion and detachment.

Cultivate “avahita-ātmanā”—focused attention—when hearing sacred teachings, and practice “praśraya”—humility—toward genuine wisdom; consistent, respectful hearing and self-restraint make spiritual growth steady even amid a busy life.