Shloka 10

Ṛṣabhadeva’s Enthronement, Exemplary Household Life, and the Birth of Bharata and the Nine Yogendras

Devanagari script

तमनु कुशावर्त इलावर्तो ब्रह्मावर्तो मलय: केतुर्भद्रसेन इन्द्रस्पृग्विदर्भ: कीकट इति नव नवति प्रधाना: ॥ १० ॥

Transliteration

tam anu kuśāvarta ilāvarto brahmāvarto malayaḥ ketur bhadrasena indraspṛg vidarbhaḥ kīkaṭa iti nava navati pradhānāḥ.

Translation

After Bharata, ninety-nine more sons were born. Among them, nine elder sons—Kuśāvarta, Ilāvarta, Brahmāvarta, Malaya, Ketu, Bhadrasena, Indraspṛk, Vidarbha, and Kīkaṭa—were foremost.

Synonyms

• tam: him/that (person)
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन) सर्वनाम

• anu: after; following
• anu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: anu (अव्यय)
• Form: Preposition/particle (उपसर्ग/निपात) meaning 'after, following'

• kuśāvartaḥ: Kuśāvarta (name)
• kuśāvartaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kuśāvarta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• ilāvartaḥ: Ilāvarta (name)
• ilāvartaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ilāvarta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• brahmāvartaḥ: Brahmāvarta (name)
• brahmāvartaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahmāvarta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• malayaḥ: Malaya (name)
• malayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: malaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• ketuḥ: Ketu (name)
• ketuḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ketu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• bhadrasenaḥ: Bhadrasena (name)
• bhadrasenaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhadrasena (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• indraspṛk: Indraspṛk (name; 'Indra-attaining')
• indraspṛk: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: indra + spṛś (धातु) → spṛk (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: indrasya spṛk (touching/attaining Indra)

• vidarbhaḥ: Vidarbha (name)
• vidarbhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vidarbha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• kīkaṭaḥ: Kīkaṭa (name)
• kīkaṭaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kīkaṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• iti: thus; namely
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Quotative particle (इति-निपात) marking enumeration

• nava: nine
• nava: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nava (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Numeral adjective; Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन) agreeing with pradhānāḥ

• navati: ninety
• navati: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: navati (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Numeral adjective (indeclinable-like in use); here qualifying count with nava (99)

• pradhānāḥ: chief (sons/leaders)
• pradhānāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pradhāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

Characters & Entities

• Kuśāvarta
• Ilāvarta
• Brahmāvarta
• Malaya
• Ketu
• Bhadrasena
• Indraspṛk
• Vidarbha
• Kīkaṭa

FAQs

Who are the sons of Ṛṣabhadeva mentioned in Srimad Bhagavatam 5.4.10?

The verse lists Kuśāvarta, Ilāvarta, Brahmāvarta, Malaya, Ketu, Bhadrasena, Indraspṛk, Vidarbha, and Kīkaṭa as sons, within a total of ninety-nine prominent sons.

Why does Śukadeva Gosvāmī list so many names in Bhagavatam Canto 5 Chapter 4?

He is describing Ṛṣabhadeva’s dynasty and the expansion of his lineage, which sets the historical and dharmic context for later narrations in the Fifth Canto.

What is the practical takeaway from Bhagavatam verses that list genealogies and names?

They remind readers that Bhagavatam is a sacred history: spiritual teachings unfold within real lineages, showing how dharma and devotion are carried forward through generations.