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Shloka 42

Nābhāga’s Inheritance, Śiva’s Verdict, and the Rise of Ambarīṣa—Prelude to Durvāsā’s Offense

दुर्वास यमुनाकूलात् कृतावश्यक आगत: । राज्ञाभिनन्दितस्तस्य बुबुधे चेष्टितं धिया ॥ ४२ ॥

durvāsā yamunā-kūlāt kṛtāvaśyaka āgataḥ rājñābhinanditas tasya bubudhe ceṣṭitaṁ dhiyā

After completing the noon rites, Durvāsā returned from the bank of the Yamunā. The King honored him duly, yet Durvāsā, by mystic insight, understood that Ambarīṣa had drunk water without his permission.

दुर्वासाःDurvāsā
दुर्वासाः:
कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्वासस्/दुर्वासा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन — Nominative singular (name)
यमुना-कूलात्from the bank of the Yamunā
यमुना-कूलात्:
अपादान (Apādāna/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootयमुना (प्रातिपदिक) + कूल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन — Ablative singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (यमुनायाः कूलम्)
कृत-आवश्यकःhaving completed his required rites
कृत-आवश्यकः:
विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत (कृ धातु; कृदन्त) + आवश्यक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — ‘one who has done the necessary duties’; उपपद-तत्पुरुष/कर्मधारय-समाससदृशः (आवश्यकं कृतम् यस्य)
आगतःarrived
आगतः:
क्रिया (Kriyā/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-गम् (धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (PPP/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — ‘come/arrived’
राज्ञाby the king
राज्ञा:
करण (Karaṇa/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन — Instrumental singular
अभिनन्दितःwas welcomed
अभिनन्दितः:
क्रिया (Kriyā/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-नन्द् (धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (PPP/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — ‘welcomed/honoured’
तस्यof him
तस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन — Genitive singular
बुबुधेhe understood
बुबुधे:
क्रिया (Kriyā/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootबुध् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/लिट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन, आत्मनेपद — ‘he understood/realized’
and
:
समुच्चय (Samuccaya/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (conjunction/समुच्चय) — ‘and’
ईष्टितम्the intention/act (conduct)
ईष्टितम्:
कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootईष्टित (प्रातिपदिक; इष्/ईष् धातु-निष्पन्न)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन — Accusative singular
धियाby (his) intellect
धिया:
करण (Karaṇa/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootधी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन — Instrumental singular
D
Durvasa Muni
A
Ambarisha Maharaja
Y
Yamuna

FAQs

It states that after completing his ritual observances at the Yamunā, Durvāsā returned and, though welcomed by King Ambarīṣa, immediately understood by his own intelligence what the King had done.

Because Durvāsā was a powerful sage; upon being received by the King, he discerned that Ambarīṣa had acted (by taking water) to protect his vow and the time-bound religious duty, even before the guest had eaten.

It teaches that one should honor guests sincerely, yet also act responsibly to uphold one’s legitimate duties—ideally by balancing etiquette with clear, conscientious decision-making.