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Shloka 34

Pūru-vaṁśa, Duṣmanta–Śakuntalā, and the Rise of Mahārāja Bharata

तस्यासन् नृप वैदर्भ्य: पत्‍न्यस्तिस्र: सुसम्मता: । जघ्नुस्त्यागभयात् पुत्रान् नानुरूपा इतीरिते ॥ ३४ ॥

tasyāsan nṛpa vaidarbhyaḥ patnyas tisraḥ susammatāḥ jaghnus tyāga-bhayāt putrān nānurūpā itīrite

O King Parīkṣit, Mahārāja Bharata had three pleasing wives, who were daughters of the King of Vidarbha. When all three of them bore children who did not resemble the King, these wives thought that he would consider them unfaithful queens and reject them, and therefore they killed their own sons.

tasyaof him
tasya:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive), Ekavacana
āsanthere were
āsan:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootas (धातु)
FormLaṅ lakāra (Imperfect/लङ्), Prathama puruṣa, Bahuvacana
nṛpaO king
nṛpa:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Sambodhana (Vocative/सम्बोधन), Ekavacana
vaidarbhyaḥwomen of Vidarbha
vaidarbhyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvaidarbhī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative), Bahuvacana
patnyaḥwives
patnyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpatnī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana
tisraḥthree
tisraḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottri (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana (feminine numeral form)
susammatāḥhighly esteemed
susammatāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu-sammata (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; karmadhāraya: su (well) + sammata (approved/esteemed)
jaghnusthey killed
jaghnus:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roothan (धातु)
FormLiṭ lakāra (Perfect/लिट्), Prathama puruṣa, Bahuvacana
tyāga-bhayātfrom fear of being abandoned
tyāga-bhayāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Roottyāga (प्रातिपदिक) + bhaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Pañcamī (Ablative/पञ्चमी), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: tyāgasya bhayam (fear of abandonment)
putrānsons
putrān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Dvitīyā, Bahuvacana
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNiṣedha-nipāta (negation particle/निषेध)
anurūpāḥsuitable/compatible
anurūpāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootanurūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana
itithus
iti:
Vākyārtha-dyotaka (वाक्यार्थद्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotation marker (इति)
īriteit is said/was stated
īrite:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootīr (धातु)
FormLaṭ lakāra (Present/लट्) in passive (karmaṇi prayoga/कर्मणि), Prathama puruṣa, Dvivacana?; better: Prathama puruṣa, Ekavacana, Ātmanepada passive: īryate → īrite (textual perfect/passive usage)
P
Parīkṣit Mahārāja

FAQs

It says that a king had three respected wives from Vidarbha, and out of fear of being abandoned they killed their sons, claiming the children were “not suitable.”

Śukadeva Gosvāmī is narrating this history to Parīkṣit Mahārāja.

It warns that fear of social rejection can push people into grave wrongdoing; dharma requires courage, truthfulness, and protection of dependents rather than acting from insecurity.