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Shloka 45

Yayāti, Devayānī, Śarmiṣṭhā, and the Exchange of Youth: The Unsatisfied Nature of Desire

इति प्रमुदित: पूरु: प्रत्यगृह्णाज्जरां पितु: । सोऽपि तद्वयसा कामान् यथावज्जुजुषे नृप ॥ ४५ ॥

iti pramuditaḥ pūruḥ pratyagṛhṇāj jarāṁ pituḥ so ’pi tad-vayasā kāmān yathāvaj jujuṣe nṛpa

Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: In this way, O Mahārāja Parīkṣit, the son named Pūru was very pleased to accept the old age of his father, Yayāti, who took the youth of his son and enjoyed this material world as he required.

इतिthus
इति:
Modifier (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउक्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)
प्रमुदितःdelighted
प्रमुदितः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-मुद् (धातु) + इत (क्त/क्तवत्-भाव)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् of पूरुः
पूरुःPūru
पूरुः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपूरु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन
प्रत्यगृह्णात्accepted, took back
प्रत्यगृह्णात्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-ग्रह् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; (गृह्णात्/अगृह्णात् form)
जराम्old age
जराम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootजरा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
पितुःof (his) father
पितुः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी विभक्ति, एकवचन
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन
अपिalso
अपि:
Modifier (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle; ‘also/even’)
तत्-वयसāwith that age (youth)
तत्-वयसā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम) + वयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘that’ + ‘age’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
कामान्desires, enjoyments
कामान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकाम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन (plural)
यथावत्properly
यथावत्:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा + वत् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb: ‘properly/as it should be’)
जुजुषेenjoyed, partook
जुजुषे:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootजुष् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), आत्मनेपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
नृपO king
नृप:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootनृप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन विभक्ति, एकवचन
P
Pūru
K
King Yayāti
K
King Parīkṣit

FAQs

This verse states that Pūru gladly accepted his father Yayāti’s old age, and Yayāti then enjoyed sense pleasures using the youth he received—setting up the Bhagavatam’s teaching on the limits of kama (material desire).

Pūru did so out of filial duty and righteousness (dharma), showing self-sacrifice to serve his father when the other sons refused.

It highlights that pleasure pursued through borrowed “youth” or temporary advantages still remains limited; real fulfillment comes from dharma, self-control, and ultimately turning toward spiritual purpose rather than endless gratification.