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Shloka 33

Paraśurāma, Kārtavīryārjuna, and the Kāmadhenu Offense

with Lunar-line Genealogy to Gādhi and Jamadagni

अथार्जुन: पञ्चशतेषु बाहुभि- र्धनु:षु बाणान् युगपत् स सन्दधे । रामाय रामोऽस्त्रभृतां समग्रणी- स्तान्येकधन्वेषुभिराच्छिनत् समम् ॥ ३३ ॥

athārjunaḥ pañca-śateṣu bāhubhir dhanuḥṣu bāṇān yugapat sa sandadhe rāmāya rāmo ’stra-bhṛtāṁ samagraṇīs tāny eka-dhanveṣubhir ācchinat samam

Then Kartaviryarjuna, with his one thousand arms, simultaneously fixed arrows on five hundred bows to kill Lord Parashurama. But Lord Parashurama, the best of fighters, released enough arrows with only one bow to cut to pieces immediately all the arrows and bows in the hands of Kartaviryarjuna.

athathen
atha:
Sambandha/Discourse marker (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormParticle/conjunction (निपात) indicating sequence
arjunaḥArjuna (Kārtavīrya)
arjunaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootarjuna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (here: Kārtavīrya Arjuna)
pañca-śateṣuin (his) five hundreds
pañca-śateṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpañca (संख्या) + śata (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural; द्विगु: ‘five hundreds’ → ‘in/among five hundreds’ (i.e., in 500)
bāhubhiḥwith (his) arms
bāhubhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootbāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural
dhanuḥṣuon/into the bows
dhanuḥṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdhanus (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural
bāṇānarrows
bāṇān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural
yugapatsimultaneously
yugapat:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyugapat (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय)
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; pronoun
sandadhehe fitted/strung
sandadhe:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-√dhā (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Ātmanepada, 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; ‘he fixed/placed/strung’
rāmāyafor Rāma
rāmāya:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular
rāmaḥRāma (Paraśurāma)
rāmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (Paraśurāma)
astra-bhṛtāmof the weapon-bearers
astra-bhṛtām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootastra (प्रातिपदिक) + bhṛt (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक from √bhṛ ‘to bear’)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural; ‘of weapon-bearers’
samagraṇīḥthe foremost leader
samagraṇīḥ:
Apposition to Karta (कर्ता-विशेषण/सम्बोधनसमान)
TypeNoun
Rootsamagraṇī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; ‘leader/chief’
tānithose (arrows)
tāni:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; refers to arrows (bāṇān)
eka-dhanveṣubhiḥwith single arrows
eka-dhanveṣubhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rooteka (संख्या) + dhanvin (प्रातिपदिक ‘bowman/archer’) + iṣu (प्रातिपदिक ‘arrow’)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; compound sense: ‘with single (i.e., one each) archer-arrows’ → ‘with single arrows (shot one-by-one)’
ācchinatcut off
ācchinat:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√chid (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), Parasmaipada, 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; ‘he cut off’
samamequally, all at once
samam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdverbial accusative used as indeclinable (क्रियाविशेषण)
K
Kārtavīrya Arjuna
P
Paraśurāma (Rāma)

FAQs

This verse shows Paraśurāma as the foremost among weapon-bearers, effortlessly countering Kārtavīrya Arjuna’s immense display of strength with a single bow.

It highlights his extraordinary, remembered prowess (five hundred arms), setting the stage for the Bhagavatam’s point that even such might is checked by the Lord’s superior power.

Spectacular ability or power can breed pride; the Bhagavatam cautions that true greatness is humility and alignment with dharma, not mere display of strength.