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Shloka 41

The Rise of Soma-vaṁśa: Budha’s Birth and Purūravā–Urvaśī; The Origin of Karma-kāṇḍa in Tretā-yuga

उपलभ्य मुदा युक्त: समुवास तया निशाम् । अथैनमुर्वशी प्राह कृपणं विरहातुरम् ॥ ४१ ॥

upalabhya mudā yuktaḥ samuvāsa tayā niśām athainam urvaśī prāha kṛpaṇaṁ virahāturam

At the end of the year, having regained Urvaśī, King Purūravā rejoiced greatly and spent one night with her in loving union. Yet, fearing separation, he became sorrowful and tormented by longing; then Urvaśī spoke to him as follows.

upalabhyahaving obtained
upalabhya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootupa+labh (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), धातु: लभ्, उपसर्ग: उप; ‘having obtained’
mudāwith joy
mudā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootmudā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन; instrumental adverbial sense
yuktaḥjoined/filled (with)
yuktaḥ:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानााधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootyuj (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘endowed/connected’
samuvāsahe stayed
samuvāsa:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsam+√vas (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/परोक्षभूत), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; ‘he stayed/dwelt’
tayāwith her
tayā:
Sahakāraka (सह)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/सह), एकवचन; pronoun ‘with her’
niśāmthe night
niśām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootniśā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; duration-object
athathen
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अनुक्रम/सम्बन्धसूचक (then/now)
enamhim
enam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; enclitic form ‘him’
urvaśīUrvaśī
urvaśī:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rooturvaśī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
prāhasaid
prāha:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√ah (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; ‘said’
kṛpaṇamwretched
kṛpaṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṛpaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; object-complement to ‘enam’
virahāturamdistressed by separation
virahāturam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootviraha-ātura (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (षष्ठी/सम्बन्ध): विरहस्य आतुरः; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
U
Urvaśī
P
Purūravā

FAQs

This verse shows Purūravā becoming pitiable due to anxiety over separation, illustrating how worldly attachment produces distress even in moments of enjoyment.

Seeing him overwhelmed and fearful of losing her again, Urvaśī addressed him—setting up the next instructions and conditions within their narrative.

Recognize how clinging and insecurity can spoil relationships; cultivate steadiness and detachment by grounding happiness in dharma and spiritual practice rather than possession.