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Shloka 30

The Rise of Soma-vaṁśa: Budha’s Birth and Purūravā–Urvaśī; The Origin of Karma-kāṇḍa in Tretā-yuga

इति वाक्सायकैर्बिद्ध: प्रतोत्त्रैरिव कुञ्जर: । निशि निस्त्रिंशमादाय विवस्त्रोऽभ्यद्रवद् रुषा ॥ ३० ॥

iti vāk-sāyakair biddhaḥ pratottrair iva kuñjaraḥ niśi nistriṁśam ādāya vivastro ’bhyadravad ruṣā

Pierced by Urvaśī’s word-arrows, Purūravā—like an elephant goaded by a sharp driver’s rod—flared with wrath. In the night he seized his sword and, scarcely clothed, ran out to pursue the Gandharvas who had stolen the lambs.

इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउक्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)
वाक्-सायकैःby arrows of words
वाक्-सायकैः:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootवाक् (प्रातिपदिक) + सायक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (determinative: 'word-arrows'), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), तृतीया (instrumental), बहुवचन (plural)
बिद्धःpierced/wounded
बिद्धः:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्ता-समाना)
TypeAdjective
Root√व्यध् (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (nominative), एकवचन (singular)
प्रतोत्त्रैःby goads
प्रतोत्त्रैः:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतोत्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), तृतीया (instrumental), बहुवचन (plural)
इवas if/like
इव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमानवाचक (comparative particle)
कुञ्जरःan elephant
कुञ्जरः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकुञ्जर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (nominative), एकवचन (singular)
निशिat night
निशि:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootनिशा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), सप्तमी (locative), एकवचन (singular)
निस्त्रिंशम्a sword
निस्त्रिंशम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootनिस्त्रिंश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया (accusative), एकवचन (singular)
आदायhaving taken
आदाय:
Kriyā (क्रिया-पूर्वक)
TypeVerb
Rootआ + √दा (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव, 'having taken'
विवस्त्रःnaked/without clothes
विवस्त्रः:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्ता-समाना)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि + वस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (nominative), एकवचन (singular)
अभ्यद्रवत्ran towards/rushed
अभ्यद्रवत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + √द्रु (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular)
रुषाwith anger
रुषा:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootरुष्/रुषा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), तृतीया (instrumental), एकवचन (singular)

FAQs

This verse compares cutting speech to arrows that pierce the heart, showing that words can provoke intense agitation and loss of self-control.

Just as an elephant, when prodded, can become uncontrollable, a person wounded by insulting speech may be driven into blind rage and reckless action.

It warns to avoid both cruel speech and impulsive reactions—practice restraint, pause before responding, and cultivate forgiveness to prevent anger from escalating into harmful acts.