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Shloka 21

Nimi’s Disembodied Liberation and the Rise of the Mithilā (Videha) Dynasty

कृतध्वजात् केशिध्वज: खाण्डिक्यस्तु मितध्वजात् । कृतध्वजसुतो राजन्नात्मविद्याविशारद: ॥ २० ॥ खाण्डिक्य: कर्मतत्त्वज्ञो भीत: केशिध्वजाद्‍द्रुत: । भानुमांस्तस्य पुत्रोऽभूच्छतद्युम्नस्तु तत्सुत: ॥ २१ ॥

kṛtadhvajāt keśidhvajaḥ khāṇḍikyas tu mitadhvajāt kṛtadhvaja-suto rājann ātma-vidyā-viśāradaḥ

O Mahārāja Parīkṣit, from Kṛtadhvaja was born Keśidhvaja, and from Mitadhvaja was born Khāṇḍikya. Kṛtadhvaja’s son was learned in spiritual knowledge, while Khāṇḍikya knew the truth of Vedic ritual works; fearing Keśidhvaja, he fled. Keśidhvaja’s son was Bhānumān, and Bhānumān’s son was Śatadyumna.

khāṇḍikyaḥKhāṇḍikya
khāṇḍikyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootkhāṇḍikya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom/1st), एकवचन
karma-tattva-jñaḥknower of the truth of karma (ritual/action)
karma-tattva-jñaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkarma + tattva + jña (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom/1st), एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष: ‘knower of the truth of ritual/action’
bhītaḥafraid
bhītaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhī (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
keśidhvajātfrom Keśidhvaja
keśidhvajāt:
Apadana (अपादान/Source)
TypeNoun
Rootkeśidhvaja (प्रातिपदिक; keśin + dhvaja)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Abl/5th), एकवचन
drutaḥfled; ran away
drutaḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicative)
TypeVerb
Rootdru (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘having fled/ran away’
bhānumānBhānumān
bhānumān:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootbhānumant (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
tasyahis; of him
tasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, षष्ठी (Gen/6th), एकवचन
putraḥson
putraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
abhūtbecame; was
abhūt:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (धातु)
Formलुङ्-लकार (Aorist), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd), एकवचन, परस्मैपद
śatadyumnaḥŚatadyumna
śatadyumnaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootśatadyumna (प्रातिपदिक; śata + dyumna)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
tuand; indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, निपात (particle)
tat-sutaḥhis son
tat-sutaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad + suta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘his son’
K
Kṛtadhvaja
K
Keśidhvaja
M
Mitadhvaja
K
Khāṇḍikya
M
Mahārāja Parīkṣit

FAQs

Keśidhvaja is described as the son of Kṛtadhvaja and is praised as an expert in ātma-vidyā (spiritual knowledge of the self).

Śukadeva is narrating genealogies and spiritual qualities of kings to Mahārāja Parīkṣit, so he directly addresses him as 'O King' while highlighting exemplary rulers.

It points to becoming skilled in self-knowledge—seeing oneself as distinct from the body and acting with dharma and devotion rather than mere worldly identity.