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Shloka 49

Kurukṣetra Pilgrimage: Sages Praise Kṛṣṇa; Vasudeva Inquires on Karma; Viṣṇu-yajña Performed

तस्यर्त्विजो महाराज रत्नकौशेयवासस: । ससदस्या विरेजुस्ते यथा वृत्रहणोऽध्वरे ॥ ४९ ॥

tasyartvijo mahā-rāja ratna-kauśeya-vāsasaḥ sa-sadasyā virejus te yathā vṛtra-haṇo ’dhvare

My dear Mahārāja Parīkṣit, Vasudeva’s priests and the officiating members of the assembly, dressed in silk garments and jeweled ornaments, were so effulgent that they seemed to be standing in the sacrificial arena of Indra, the slayer of Vṛtra.

तस्यof him
तस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध) एकवचन; Genitive singular ‘of him’
ऋत्विजःpriests
ऋत्विजः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत्विज् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; Nominative plural
महा-राजO great king
महा-राज:
सम्बोधन (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootमहा (प्रातिपदिक) + राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समास; Vocative singular
रत्न-कौशेय-वाससःwearing jeweled silk garments
रत्न-कौशेय-वाससः:
विशेषण (Adjective/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootरत्न (प्रातिपदिक) + कौशेय (प्रातिपदिक) + वासस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (रत्नैः कौशेयेन च वासांसि येषाम्) ‘having gem(-adorned) silk garments’; agrees with ऋत्विजः
स-सदस्याःtogether with assistants
स-सदस्याः:
विशेषण (Adjective/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस (उपसर्ग-सदृश; सहार्थक) + सदस्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष (सदस्यैः सह) ‘with their assistants/with members’
विरेजुःshone, looked splendid
विरेजुः:
क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√राज् (धातु)
Formलिट् (परिपूर्णभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद
तेthey
ते:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; Nominative plural ‘they’ (emphatic)
यथाas, like
यथा:
सम्बन्ध (Comparative marker/उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formउपमा/तुलना-अव्यय; comparative particle ‘as/like’
वृत्र-हणः(like) the slayers of Vṛtra
वृत्र-हणः:
उपमान (Standard of comparison/उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्र (प्रातिपदिक) + हन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष (वृत्रं हन्ति इति) ‘slayers of Vṛtra’ (epithet of Indra’s followers / or Indra-like); Nominative plural
अध्वरेin the sacrifice
अध्वरे:
अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण) एकवचन; Locative singular ‘in the sacrifice’
M
Mahārāja Parīkṣit
I
Indra (Vṛtrahaṇ)

FAQs

This verse highlights how the priests and sacrificial assembly appeared radiant and opulent—adorned in jeweled silk—showing the honor and purity traditionally associated with properly conducted Vedic sacrifices.

Śukadeva uses Indra’s well-known epithet Vṛtrahaṇ to give a vivid comparison: the priests in this sacrifice looked as splendid as those who officiate in Indra’s famed sacrificial ceremonies.

Even when one’s worship is simple, the lesson is to maintain dignity, cleanliness, and reverence—offering one’s best within one’s means and honoring sacred service and those engaged in it.