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Shloka 40

Sudāmā Brāhmaṇa: Divine Friendship, Guru-bhakti, and the Lord’s Grace

अहो हे पुत्रका यूयमस्मदर्थेऽतिदु:खिता: । आत्मा वै प्राणिनां प्रेष्ठस्तमनाद‍ृत्य मत्परा: ॥ ४० ॥

aho he putrakā yūyam asmad-arthe ’ti-duḥkhitāḥ ātmā vai prāṇinām preṣṭhas tam anādṛtya mat-parāḥ

[Sāndīpani said:] O my children, you have suffered so much for my sake! To every living being, one’s own body is most dear, yet, devoted to me, you neglected your own comfort entirely.

अहोah! indeed!
अहो:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/भावसूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअहो (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विस्मयादिबोधक-निपात (interjection/particle of exclamation)
हेO
हे:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहे (अव्यय)
Formसम्बोधन-निपात (vocative particle)
पुत्रकाःdear sons/children
पुत्रकाः:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्रक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
यूयम्you (all)
यूयम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
अस्मदर्थेfor our sake
अस्मदर्थे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: अस्मदः अर्थः); पुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
अति-दुःखिताःvery distressed
अति-दुःखिताः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःखित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; दुःख्/दुःख + क्त)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास (अति + दुःखित); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying ‘यूयम्’)
आत्माthe self
आत्मा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
वैindeed
वै:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निश्चयार्थक-निपात (emphatic particle)
प्राणिनाम्of living beings
प्राणिनाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन
प्रेष्ठःmost dear
प्रेष्ठः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; श्रेष्ठ/प्रियतम)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अतिशय-विशेषण (superlative sense)
तम्that (self)
तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
अनादृत्यdisregarding
अनादृत्य:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन् + आदृ (धातु) + ल्यप् (कृदन्त)
Formक्त्वान्त/ल्यबन्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund); ‘अनादृ’ = to disregard; क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial to main predication)
मत्पराःdevoted to me; having me as the supreme goal
मत्पराः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootमत् + पर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: मम परः = whose highest is me); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying ‘यूयम्’)
Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
S
Sudāmā (brāhmaṇa)
R
Rukmiṇī
K
Kṛṣṇa’s attendants (dāsāḥ/putrakāḥ addressed as children)

FAQs

It teaches that pure devotees may even neglect personal comfort for Kṛṣṇa’s sake, and that Kṛṣṇa deeply acknowledges and appreciates such loving service.

In the Sudāmā episode (Canto 10, Chapter 80), Kṛṣṇa honors His poor brāhmaṇa friend with extraordinary care; seeing the effort and hardship taken for His sake, He expresses tender concern and gratitude, addressing the servants affectionately as “children.”

Serve with devotion but also with wisdom: offer time and effort for God and His devotees, while remembering that Kṛṣṇa values sincere love—not reckless self-neglect—and He recognizes even small sacrifices made in bhakti.