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Shloka 43

The Deliverance of King Nṛga and the Warning Against Taking Brāhmaṇa Property

ब्राह्मणार्थो ह्यपहृतो हर्तारं पातयत्यध: । अजानन्तमपि ह्येनं नृगं ब्राह्मणगौरिव ॥ ४३ ॥

brāhmaṇārtho hy apahṛto hartāraṁ pātayaty adhaḥ ajānantam api hy enaṁ nṛgaṁ brāhmaṇa-gaur iva

When a brāhmaṇa’s property is taken away, even unknowingly, it surely brings the taker down, just as the brāhmaṇa’s cow brought down Nṛga.

brāhmaṇa-arthaḥa brāhmaṇa’s property/wealth
brāhmaṇa-arthaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbrāhmaṇa + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी: 'ब्राह्मणस्य अर्थः'); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (emphatic particle)
apahṛtaḥstolen, taken away
apahṛtaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootapa-√hṛ > apahṛta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of brāhmaṇa-arthaḥ)
hartāramthe thief/taker
hartāram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roothartṛ (प्रातिपदिक; from √hṛ)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
pātayaticauses to fall, casts down
pātayati:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√pat (धातु) caus. √pātay
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; णिच्-प्रत्यय (causative)
adhaḥdown
adhaḥ:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootadhaḥ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; दिशावाचक/क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: 'downwards/below')
ajānantameven (one) not knowing
ajānantam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Roota-√jñā > ajānant (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (Present active participle) with नञ्-प्रत्यय; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of enaṁ/nṛgam)
apieven
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अपि (concessive/also)
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (emphasis)
enamhim
enam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (enclitic demonstrative)
nṛgamKing Nṛga
nṛgam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; नाम (proper noun)
brāhmaṇa-gaḥa brāhmaṇa’s cow
brāhmaṇa-gaḥ:
Upamāna (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootbrāhmaṇa + go (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी: 'ब्राह्मणस्य गौः'); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
ivalike
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमावाचक (particle of comparison)

The Lord here demonstrates that His instructions are not theoretical but practical, as seen concretely in the case of Nṛga Mahārāja.

N
Nṛga
B
brāhmaṇa

FAQs

This verse states that misappropriating what belongs to or is meant for a brāhmaṇa causes the taker to fall into a degraded condition, even if the act was done unknowingly.

To emphasize the strictness of dharma regarding brāhmaṇa property—King Nṛga’s lack of malicious intent did not fully protect him from the karmic consequence of the mistaken transfer of a brāhmaṇa’s cow.

Be meticulous with honesty in donations, payments, and handling others’ assets—especially anything meant for sacred purposes—and promptly rectify mistakes when discovered.