Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 4

The Deliverance of King Nṛga and the Warning Against Taking Brāhmaṇa Property

चर्मजैस्तान्तवै: पाशैर्बद्ध्वा पतितमर्भका: । नाशक्नुरन् समुद्धर्तुं कृष्णायाचख्युरुत्सुका: ॥ ४ ॥

carma-jais tāntavaiḥ pāśair baddhvā patitam arbhakāḥ nāśaknuran samuddhartuṁ kṛṣṇāyācakhyur utsukāḥ

They bound the trapped lizard with leather straps and then with woven ropes, yet still could not lift it out. So, excited, they went to Lord Kṛṣṇa and told Him about it.

carma-jaiḥwith leather-made
carma-jaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcarma (प्रातिपदिक) + ja (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa ‘born of leather/ made of hide’; masculine/neuter instrumental plural (तृतीया बहुवचन) agreeing with pāśaiḥ
tāntavaiḥwith corded/thread-made
tāntavaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Roottāntava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine instrumental plural (पुंलिङ्ग तृतीया बहुवचन) qualifying pāśaiḥ; ‘made of threads/cords’
pāśaiḥwith nooses/ropes
pāśaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootpāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine instrumental plural (पुंलिङ्ग तृतीया बहुवचन)
baddhvāhaving bound
baddhvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootbandh (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा) from √bandh; indeclinable
patitamfallen
patitam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootpatita (प्रातिपदिक; from √pat)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), masculine accusative singular (पुंलिङ्ग द्वितीया एकवचन) qualifying (kṛkalāsam understood)
arbhakāḥboys/children
arbhakāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootarbhaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine nominative plural (पुंलिङ्ग प्रथमा बहुवचन)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेधक अव्यय)
aśaknuvanthey were unable
aśaknuvan:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootśak (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), Parasmaipada; 3rd person plural (प्रथमपुरुष बहुवचन); with augment a-; ‘were not able’
samuddhartumto lift out/rescue
samuddhartum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/तुमर्थ)
TypeVerb
Rootsam + ud + hṛ (धातु)
FormInfinitive (तुमुन्) from √hṛ with sam-ud-; expresses purpose
kṛṣṇāyato Krishna
kṛṣṇāya:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine dative singular (पुंलिङ्ग चतुर्थी एकवचन)
ācakhyuḥthey told/informed
ācakhyuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā + cakṣ (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada; 3rd person plural (प्रथमपुरुष बहुवचन) from √cakṣ ‘to tell/announce’ with ā-
utsukāḥeager
utsukāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootutsuka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine nominative plural (पुंलिङ्ग प्रथमा बहुवचन) qualifying arbhakāḥ

Śrīla Jīva Gosvāmī explains that because in this chapter the Yadu boys, even Śrī Pradyumna, are described as quite young, this must be an early pastime.

Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
T
the boys (arbha-kāḥ)

FAQs

This verse shows that when the boys could not rescue the fallen person by their own effort, they immediately approached Kṛṣṇa—illustrating the Bhagavata’s teaching to seek the Lord’s shelter when one’s strength is insufficient.

They had already bound him with ropes but still could not raise him; recognizing their limitation, they eagerly informed Kṛṣṇa, trusting His ability to protect and resolve the situation.

Make sincere effort, but when a problem exceeds your capacity, turn to prayer and divine dependence—seeking Kṛṣṇa’s guidance and protection rather than relying only on personal strength.