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Shloka 17

The Deliverance of King Nṛga and the Warning Against Taking Brāhmaṇa Property

तां नीयमानां तत्स्वामी द‍ृष्ट्वोवाच ममेति तम् । ममेति परिग्राह्याह नृगो मे दत्तवानिति ॥ १७ ॥

tāṁ nīyamānāṁ tat-svāmī dṛṣṭrovāca mameti tam mameti parigrāhy āha nṛgo me dattavān iti

Seeing the cow being led away, her first owner cried, “She is mine!” But the second brāhmaṇa, who had accepted her as a gift, replied, “No—she is mine; Nṛga gave her to me.”

ताम्her/that (cow)
ताम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन; सर्वनाम-रूप
नीयमानाम्being led away
नीयमानाम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootनी (धातु) + यमान (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय; वर्तमान-कर्मणि कृदन्त)
Formवर्तमान-कर्मणि कृदन्त (Present passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘being led’
तत्-स्वामीthe owner of that (cow)
तत्-स्वामी:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + स्वामिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative): ‘of that (cow) + owner’; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive/gerund), अव्यय; ‘having seen’
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
ममmy
मम:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; ‘of me/my’
इतिthus/“…”
इति:
Vacana-suchaka (वचनसूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/वाक्य-समाप्ति सूचक अव्यय (quotative particle)
तम्him/that one
तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन; सर्वनाम-रूप
ममmy
मम:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
इतिthus
इति:
Vacana-suchaka (वचनसूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-सूचक अव्यय
परिगृह्यhaving seized/claimed
परिगृह्य:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootग्रह् (धातु) उपसर्ग: परि-
Formल्यप्/क्त्वा-समकक्ष अव्यय (absolutive/gerund), अव्यय; ‘having seized/claimed’
आहsaid
आह:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअह्/ब्रू (धातु; ‘to say’)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
नृगःKing Nṛga
नृगः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनृग (प्रातिपदिक; राजनाम)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
मेto me/of me
मे:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formचतुर्थी/षष्ठी-एकवचन (Dative/Genitive); अत्र षष्ठी ‘of me’ अधिकयुक्त
दत्तवान्gave/has given
दत्तवान्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु) + क्तवत् (कृदन्त)
Formक्तवत्-प्रत्यय (past active participle), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोग; ‘has given/gave’
इतिthus
इति:
Vacana-suchaka (वचनसूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-सूचक अव्यय
K
King Nṛga

FAQs

This verse shows that even a charitable gift can create conflict if it unintentionally takes what belongs to another, emphasizing careful, dharmic giving.

One was the original owner who recognized his cow, while the other claimed lawful possession because King Nṛga had donated the cow to him.

Before donating, selling, or transferring anything, verify rightful ownership and documentation—good intentions should be matched with careful responsibility.