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Shloka 16

The Deliverance of King Nṛga and the Warning Against Taking Brāhmaṇa Property

कस्यचिद् द्विजमुख्यस्य भ्रष्टा गौर्मम गोधने । सम्पृक्ताविदुषा सा च मया दत्ता द्विजातये ॥ १६ ॥

kasyacid dvija-mukhyasya bhraṣṭā gaur mama go-dhane sampṛktāviduṣā sā ca mayā dattā dvijātaye

Once, a cow belonging to a certain first-class brāhmaṇa strayed and entered my herd. Unaware of this, I gave that cow in charity to a different brāhmaṇa.

kasya-citof some
kasya-cit:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootkasya (किम्-प्रातिपदिक) + cit (अव्यय)
FormSarvanāma (pronoun) + nipāta; Puṃliṅga (m.)/Nap. context, Ṣaṣṭhī (Gen. 6), Ekavacana (sg.); ‘of some (one)’
dvija-mukhyasyaof a foremost brāhmaṇa
dvija-mukhyasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक) + mukhya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (m.), Ṣaṣṭhī (Gen. 6), Ekavacana (sg.); tatpuruṣa: ‘of the chief among the twice-born’
bhraṣṭālost/strayed
bhraṣṭā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhraṣṭa (कृदन्त; √bhraṃś, kta)
FormStrīliṅga (f.), Prathamā (Nom. 1), Ekavacana (sg.); predicate adjective
gauḥa cow
gauḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgo (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (f.), Prathamā (Nom. 1), Ekavacana (sg.)
mamamy
mama:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (pronoun), Ṣaṣṭhī (Gen. 6), Ekavacana (sg.)
go-dhanein (my) cattle-wealth
go-dhane:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootgo (प्रातिपदिक) + dhana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), Saptamī (Loc. 7), Ekavacana (sg.); tatpuruṣa: ‘in (my) wealth of cows / cattle-wealth’
sampṛktāhaving gotten mixed in
sampṛktā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsam + √pṛc (धातु) → sampṛkta (कृदन्त; kta)
FormStrīliṅga (f.), Prathamā (Nom. 1), Ekavacana (sg.); ‘mixed/associated’
aviduṣāby an ignorant man
aviduṣā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Roota-vidvas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (m.), Tṛtīyā (Instr. 3), Ekavacana (sg.); ‘by an ignorant (person)’
she/that (cow)
:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (f.), Prathamā (Nom. 1), Ekavacana (sg.)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamucchaya (conjunction)
mayāby me
mayā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (pronoun), Tṛtīyā (Instr. 3), Ekavacana (sg.)
dattāgiven
dattā:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdattā (कृदन्त; √dā, kta)
FormPast passive participle (kta), Strīliṅga (f.), Prathamā (Nom. 1), Ekavacana (sg.); used predicatively with implied ‘was’
dvijātayeto a brāhmaṇa (twice-born)
dvijātaye:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootdvijāti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (f.), Caturthī (Dat. 4), Ekavacana (sg.)

Śrīla Śrīdhara Svāmī explains that the term dvija-mukhya, “first-class brāhmaṇa, ” here indicates a brāhmaṇa who has stopped accepting charity and would thus refuse to accept even one hundred thousand cows in exchange for the cow that had been improperly given away.

A
Akrūra
Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
B
Balarāma
B
Brāhmaṇa (dvija-mukhya)
B
Brāhmaṇa (recipient dvijāti)

FAQs

This verse shows that a cow that strays into one’s herd is not automatically one’s property; mishandling such ownership—especially regarding a brāhmaṇa’s cow—creates moral responsibility and demands truthful accounting.

In the Syamantaka-jewel narrative, Akrūra explains circumstances and his actions to clear doubts and restore trust, acknowledging how the cow became mixed into his herd and what he did with her.

When something not rightfully yours comes into your possession through confusion or negligence, disclose it, correct the mistake, and make restitution—truthful accountability is a core expression of dharma.