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Shloka 2

Chapter 54

तान् आपतत आलोक्य यादवान् ईक-यूथपाः ।

तस्थुस् तत्-सम्मुखा राजन् विस्फूर्ज्य स्व-धनूंषि ते ॥

tān āpatata ālokya yādavānīka-yūthapāḥ / tasthus tat-sammukhā rājan visphūrjya sva-dhanūṃṣi te //

Seeing them rush forward, O King, the commanders of the Yadu army stood facing them, twanging their own bows.

तान्those (enemies)
तान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (कर्म), बहुवचनम्; Pronoun ‘those’, Accusative plural masculine
आपततः(they two) rushing/charging
आपततः:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआ√पत् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकारः (Present), प्रथमा-पुरुषः (3rd), द्विवचनम्; Present active ‘(two) are rushing/attacking’
आलोक्यhaving seen
आलोक्य:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootआ√लोक् (धातु) + ल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्ययः)
Formअव्यय-भावः, क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive); having seen/observed
यादवान्the Yādavas
यादवान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootयादव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; Accusative plural masculine
ईक-यूथपाःleaders of the army
ईक-यूथपाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootईक (प्रातिपदिक) + यूथप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (ईकस्य यूथपाः); पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; Nominative plural masculine
तस्थुःstood
तस्थुः:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√स्था (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकारः (Perfect), प्रथमा-पुरुषः (3rd), बहुवचनम्; Perfect active ‘stood’
तत्-सम्मुखाःfacing them
तत्-सम्मुखाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + सम्मुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषः (तस्य सम्मुखाः = facing them); पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; Nominative plural masculine
राजन्O King
राजन्:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, सम्बोधन-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; Vocative singular masculine
विस्फूर्ज्यhaving twanged
विस्फूर्ज्य:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootवि√स्फूर्ज् (धातु) + ल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्ययः)
Formअव्यय-भावः, क्त्वान्त (Gerund); having twanged/roared (their bows)
स्व-धनूंषिtheir own bows
स्व-धनूंषि:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक) + धनुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारयः (स्वानि धनूंषि); नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; Accusative plural neuter
तेthey
ते:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; Pronoun ‘they’, Nominative plural masculine

Here the Bhāgavata depicts disciplined readiness on the side of the Yādavas. While the pursuers surge forward in heated momentum, the Yādava commanders respond with steadiness—tasthuḥ, “they stood”—forming a firm front. The twanging of bows (visphūrjya) is not mere noise; it is the kṣatriya signal of preparedness and deterrence, announcing, “We are ready, and you will be checked.” By addressing Parīkṣit as rājan, Śuka keeps the listener anchored in royal ethics: warfare is not chaos but governed by codes—formation, challenge, and measured response. Devotionally, the verse underscores a recurring Bhāgavata theme: those aligned with Kṛṣṇa act with composure and unity, because their center is the Lord, whereas those driven by envy and possessiveness move turbulently. The scene also prepares for the unfolding līlā in which Kṛṣṇa’s party—though apparently outnumbered—remains fearless due to divine shelter.

P
Parīkṣit Mahārāja
Ś
Śukadeva Gosvāmī
Y
Yādavas

FAQs

They are the commanders or leaders of the Yādava military divisions, responsible for organizing and facing the oncoming opposing forces.

Twanging the bow is a traditional kṣatriya sign of readiness and challenge, indicating disciplined preparedness rather than sudden, uncontrolled attack.

Steadiness under pressure—meeting threats with composure, unity, and preparedness instead of panic or rage.