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Shloka 22

Gopī-gīta in Separation: The Flute’s Call and Vraja’s Ecstatic Response

वत्सलो व्रजगवां यदगध्रो वन्द्यमानचरण: पथि वृद्धै: । कृत्‍स्‍नगोधनमुपोह्य दिनान्ते गीतवेणुरनुगेडितकीर्ति: ॥ २२ ॥ उत्सवं श्रमरुचापि द‍ृशीना- मुन्नयन् खुररजश्छुरितस्रक् । दित्सयैति सुहृदासिष एष देवकीजठरभूरुडुराज: ॥ २३ ॥

vatsalo vraja-gavāṁ yad aga-dhro vandyamāna-caraṇaḥ pathi vṛddhaiḥ kṛtsna-go-dhanam upohya dinānte gīta-veṇur anugeḍita-kīrtiḥ

Out of tender love for the cows of Vraja, Kṛṣṇa became the lifter of Govardhana. At day’s end, having gathered the entire herd, He returns playing a song upon His flute; along the path the elders worship His lotus feet, and the cowherd boys who accompany Him chant His glories. His garland is dusted by the cows’ hoof-raised powder, and His beauty—enhanced by fatigue—becomes a festival for the eyes; eager to fulfill His friends’ desires, Kṛṣṇa is like the moon arisen from Yaśodā’s womb.

vatsalaḥaffectionate
vatsalaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvatsala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
vraja-gavāmof the Vraja cows
vraja-gavām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootvraja + go (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (go), षष्ठी, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (व्रजस्य गावः)
yatwhich/that
yat:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्ध-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)
agadhraḥunfailing/undaunted (protector)
agadhraḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootagadhra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
vandyamāna-caraṇaḥwhose feet were being worshiped
vandyamāna-caraṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvandya(māna) + caraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः; 'vandyamāna' = कर्मणि वर्तमानकृदन्त (शानच्) from √vand, qualifying 'caraṇa'
pathion the path
pathi:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpathin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
vṛddhaiḥby the elders
vṛddhaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootvṛddha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
kṛtsna-go-dhanamthe entire wealth of cattle
kṛtsna-go-dhanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛtsna + go + dhana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (गो-धनम्) + विशेषण 'kṛtsna'
upohyahaving brought/led (them) back
upohya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootupa + vah (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund); रूपम्: उप-ऊह्य/उपोह्य (having brought/led near)
dinānteat day’s end
dinānte:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdina + anta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (दिनस्य अन्ते)
gīta-veṇuḥ(he) with the played flute
gīta-veṇuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgīta + veṇu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (गीतः वेणुः / 'flute that is played/sung')
anugeḍita-kīrtiḥwhose fame was echoed/spread
anugeḍita-kīrtiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootanu + geḍita + kīrti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः; 'anugeḍita' (intensified/echoed) qualifying kīrtiḥ

According to the ācāryas, at this point the gopīs climbed into the watchtowers of Vṛndāvana’s houses so they could see Kṛṣṇa as soon as possible when He returned home. Mother Yaśodā was very anxious for her son to come back, and therefore she had the tallest of the beautiful young gopīs climb up to see when He would arrive. It is implied here that Kṛṣṇa was somewhat delayed on the way home because His lotus feet were being worshiped by great demigods along the path.

K
Krishna
V
Vraja-elders (vṛddhāḥ)
C
Cows of Vraja

FAQs

This verse describes Krishna as vatsala—tenderly affectionate to the Vraja cows—personally bringing the whole herd home at day’s end, showing His intimate, protective care.

The verse portrays Krishna’s feet being honored by the elders, indicating that even senior Vraja residents recognize His divine excellence and auspicious presence, despite His appearing as a cowherd boy.

Cultivate affectionate service (vatsalatā) toward those under your care, and remember Krishna through sound—like the flute’s music—by regularly hearing and chanting His glories.