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Shloka 11

The Kātyāyanī-vrata, the Stealing of the Gopīs’ Garments, and Kṛṣṇa’s Teaching on Purified Desire

न मयोदितपूर्वं वा अनृतं तदिमे विदु: । एकैकश: प्रतीच्छध्वं सहैवेति सुमध्यमा: ॥ ११ ॥

na mayodita-pūrvaṁ vā anṛtaṁ tad ime viduḥ ekaikaśaḥ pratīcchadhvaṁ sahaiveti su-madhyamāḥ

I have never spoken a lie before, and these boys know it. Therefore, O slender-waisted girls, come forward—one by one or all together—and take your clothes back.

not
:
निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)
मयाby me
मया:
कर्ता (Kartā/Agent in passive/with PPP)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
उदित-पूर्वम्previously spoken (by me)
उदित-पूर्वम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial accusative: ‘previously’)
TypeAdjective
Rootउदित (√वद्/√उद्? here √वद् not; actually √वद् gives उक्त; ‘उदित’ from √उद्/√वद्? In usage ‘उदित’ = ‘said/uttered’ from √वद् via उदित as past participle of √वद् is irregular; treat as उदित (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त) + पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; अव्ययीभाववत्/तत्पुरुषः—‘पूर्वम्’ (before) qualifying ‘उदित’ (spoken)
वाor
वा:
निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विकल्पार्थक निपात (disjunctive particle)
अनृतम्falsehood
अनृतम्:
विधेय (Predicate nominal)
TypeNoun
Rootअनृत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; here predicate—‘falsehood’
तत्that
तत्:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject of viduḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘that (statement)’
इमेthese (people)
इमे:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
विदुःknow
विदुः:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Finite verb)
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
एक-एकशःone by one
एक-एकशः:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक) + एक (प्रातिपदिक) + शस् (अव्यय-प्रत्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रमवाचक—‘one by one’ (शस्-प्रत्ययान्त)
प्रतीच्छध्वम्receive (take back)
प्रतीच्छध्वम्:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Command)
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-√इष्/√इच्छ्? actually √इ (to go) not; correct verb is प्रति-√इ (to receive) via √इ + छद्? Standard: प्रति-√इ (प्रतीच्छति) from √इ (to go) with desiderative? Traditional dhātu: √इ (गत्यर्थ) with prefix प्रति, present stem प्रतीच्छ-;
Formलोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद
सहtogether
सह:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; सहार्थक (with/together)
एवindeed/just
एव:
निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण (emphasis)
इतिthus
इति:
वाक्यसमाप्ति/उद्धरण (Quotation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; इत्यादि-उद्धरणार्थ (quotative particle)
सुमध्यमाḥO slender-waisted ones
सुमध्यमाḥ:
सम्बोधन (Sambodhana/Vocative)
TypeNoun
Rootसु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + मध्यम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्मधारयः—सु-मध्यमा ‘having beautiful/slender waists’; सम्बोधनार्थे प्रथमा
Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
G
Gopīs (Vraja girls)

FAQs

In this verse, Kṛṣṇa declares that He has never previously spoken a lie, using His truthfulness to reassure the gopīs even while orchestrating a playful līlā meant to deepen their surrender and devotion.

Kṛṣṇa speaks to the gopīs to remove fear and hesitation and to bring them to openly approach Him; the līlā tests and purifies their devotion, drawing them from social embarrassment into wholehearted dependence on Him.

Cultivate integrity in speech and learn to approach God without hiding—offering oneself honestly and fully, even when ego feels exposed, trusting that divine dealings ultimately purify and uplift.