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Shloka 4

Varṣā-Śarad Vṛndāvana-Śobha: The Beauty of the Rainy and Autumn Seasons in Vraja

सान्द्रनीलाम्बुदैर्व्योम सविद्युत्स्तनयित्नुभि: । अस्पष्टज्योतिराच्छन्नं ब्रह्मेव सगुणं बभौ ॥ ४ ॥

sāndra-nīlāmbudair vyoma sa-vidyut-stanayitnubhiḥ aspaṣṭa-jyotir ācchannaṁ brahmeva sa-guṇaṁ babhau

The sky was covered by dense blue clouds with lightning and thunder, and its natural radiance was obscured—like Brahman veiled by the three modes of material nature.

सान्द्र-नील-अम्बुदैःby dense dark clouds
सान्द्र-नील-अम्बुदैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootसान्द्र (प्रातिपदिक) + नील (प्रातिपदिक) + अम्बुद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय-समासः (सान्द्राः नीलाः अम्बुदाः)
व्योमthe sky
व्योम:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootव्योमन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
स-विद्युत्-स्तनयित्नुभिःwith lightning and thunder
स-विद्युत्-स्तनयित्नुभिः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootस (अव्यय/उपसर्गार्थक) + विद्युत् (प्रातिपदिक) + स्तनयित्नु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; सह-तत्पुरुषः (विद्युत्-स्तनयित्नुभिः सह)
अस्पष्ट-ज्योतिःdim light
अस्पष्ट-ज्योतिः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्पष्ट (प्रातिपदिक) + ज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (अस्पष्टं ज्योतिः)
आच्छन्नम्covered/veiled
आच्छन्नम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-√छद् (धातु) → आच्छन्न (प्रातिपदिक; क्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त
ब्रह्मBrahman
ब्रह्म:
Upamana (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
इवlike/as if
इव:
Upama-sambandha (उपमा-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमावाचक-अव्यय (particle of comparison)
स-गुणम्with qualities (saguṇa)
स-गुणम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस (अव्यय/उपसर्गार्थक) + गुण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सह-तत्पुरुषः (गुणैः सह)
बभौshone/appeared
बभौ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√भा (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Lightning is compared to the mode of goodness, thunder to the mode of passion, and clouds to the mode of ignorance. Thus the cloudy sky at the onset of the rainy season is analogous to the pure spirit soul when he becomes disturbed by the modes of nature, for at that time he is covered and his original brilliant nature is only dimly reflected through the haze of the material qualities.

FAQs

This verse compares the cloud-covered sky—its light veiled yet still present—to Brahman perceived with qualities (saguṇa), where the Absolute is understood through manifest attributes rather than as featureless radiance.

He is narrating the rainy season in Vraja during Krishna’s pastimes, using nature’s transformations as devotional poetry and as philosophical analogies that illuminate Vedantic truths.

When clarity feels “covered” by life’s storms, remember the inner light is not destroyed—only veiled; steady sādhana helps one see beyond temporary coverings to the underlying spiritual reality.