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Shloka 38

Varṣā-Śarad Vṛndāvana-Śobha: The Beauty of the Rainy and Autumn Seasons in Vraja

गाधवारिचरास्तापमविन्दञ्छरदर्कजम् । यथा दरिद्र: कृपण: कुटुम्ब्यविजितेन्द्रिय: ॥ ३८ ॥

gādha-vāri-carās tāpam avindañ charad-arka-jam yathā daridraḥ kṛpaṇaḥ kuṭumby avijitendriyaḥ

The fish in the shallow water suffered the heat born of the autumn sun, just as a poor, miserly family man—unable to conquer his senses—must suffer.

gādha-vāri-carāḥdeep-water dwellers
gādha-vāri-carāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgādha (प्रातिपदिक) + vāri (प्रातिपदिक) + cara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समासः (‘gādhe vāriṇi caranti’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
tāpamheat/torment
tāpam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
avindanthey found/experienced
avindan:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvid (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; ‘अव्’ उपसर्गः (ava+vid)
śarat-arka-jamborn of the autumn sun
śarat-arka-jam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootśarat (प्रातिपदिक) + arka (प्रातिपदिक) + ja (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समासः (‘śaradi arkasya jātam’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् ‘tāpam’
yathājust as
yathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
Formउपमान-बोधक अव्यय
daridraḥa poor man
daridraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdaridra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
kṛpaṇaḥmiserly/wretched
kṛpaṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṛpaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् ‘daridraḥ’
kuṭumbīhouseholder
kuṭumbī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkuṭumbin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘गृहस्थः’
avijita-indriyaḥone whose senses are unconquered
avijita-indriyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Roota- (नञ्) + vijita (प्रातिपदिक) + indriya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि-समासः (‘yasya indriyāṇi na vijitāni’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् ‘kuṭumbī’

Although, as described in the previous verse, unintelligent fish are not aware of the diminishing water, one may think these fish are still happy according to the old proverb “Ignorance is bliss.” But even the ignorant fish are scorched by the autumn sun. Similarly, although an attached family man may consider his ignorance of spiritual life blissful, he is constantly disturbed by the problems of family life, and, indeed, his uncontrolled senses lead him into a situation of unrelieved anguish.

FAQs

This verse teaches that one who cannot conquer the senses remains scorched by distress, finding no true relief—whereas inner discipline brings genuine cooling and peace.

While describing the autumn season in Vraja, Śukadeva uses a moral analogy: external conditions may change, but without self-control and generosity of heart, a person’s inner ‘heat’ of anxiety continues.

Reduce sense-driven habits (overconsumption, addiction, impulsive pleasure-seeking) and cultivate restraint and simplicity; otherwise material life keeps producing recurring stress despite temporary comforts.