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Shloka 10

Varṣā-Śarad Vṛndāvana-Śobha: The Beauty of the Rainy and Autumn Seasons in Vraja

आसन्नुत्पथगामिन्य: क्षुद्रनद्योऽनुशुष्यती: । पुंसो यथास्वतन्त्रस्य देहद्रविणसम्पद: ॥ १० ॥

āsann utpatha-gāminyaḥ kṣudra-nadyo ’nuśuṣyatīḥ puṁso yathāsvatantrasya deha-draviṇa-sampadaḥ

With the coming of the rains, the small streams that had dried up swelled and strayed from their proper courses. Similarly, the body, property, and money of a man ruled by the senses lose restraint and deviate from the right path.

आसन्were/became
आसन्:
क्रिया (आख्यात)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन — Past imperfect, 3rd person plural
उत्पथ-गामिन्यःrunning off-course
उत्पथ-गामिन्यः:
विशेषण (नद्यः-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्पथ (प्रातिपदिक) + गामिनी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः — Feminine, Nominative plural; “going on wrong paths”
क्षुद्र-नद्यःsmall rivers/streams
क्षुद्र-नद्यः:
कर्ता (कर्तृ)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षुद्र (प्रातिपदिक) + नदी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; कर्मधारयः (क्षुद्राः नद्यः) — Feminine, Nominative plural
अनुशुष्यतीःdrying up
अनुशुष्यतीः:
कर्म-विशेषण/फलावस्था (प्रवृत्ति-विशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootअनु+शुष् (धातु)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन — Feminine, Accusative plural; “drying up” (as predicate/qualifier)
पुंसःof a man
पुंसः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootपुम्स्/पुंस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन — Masculine, Genitive singular
यथाas
यथा:
उपमान-सूचक
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formउपमानार्थक अव्यय — “as”
अस्वतन्त्रस्यof one who is not independent
अस्वतन्त्रस्य:
विशेषण (पुंसः-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-स्वतन्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन — Masculine, Genitive singular; नञ्-समास/नकार-पूर्वक विशेषण — negative adjective
देह-द्रविण-सम्पदःbodily and financial prosperities
देह-द्रविण-सम्पदः:
कर्ता (उपमेयः)
TypeNoun
Rootदेह (प्रातिपदिक) + द्रविण (प्रातिपदिक) + सम्पद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (देहश्च द्रविणं च सम्पदश्च—समासे) — Feminine, Nominative plural; copulative compound

Śrīla Prabhupāda comments: “During the rainy season, many small ponds, lakes and rivulets become filled with water; otherwise the rest of the year they remain dry. Similarly, materialistic persons are dry, but sometimes, when they are in a so-called opulent position, with a home or children or a little bank balance, they appear to be flourishing, but immediately afterwards they become dry again, like the small rivulets and ponds. The poet Vidyāpati said that in the society of friends, family, children, wife, etc., there is certainly some pleasure, but that pleasure is compared to a drop of water in the desert. Everyone is hankering after happiness, just as in the desert everyone is hankering after water. If in the desert there is a drop of water, it may of course be said that the water is there, but the benefit from that drop of water is very insignificant. In our materialistic way of life, which is just like a desert, we are hankering after an ocean of happiness, but in the form of society, friends and mundane love we are getting no more than a drop of water. Our satisfaction is never achieved, as the small rivulets, lakes and ponds are never filled with water in the dry season.”

FAQs

This verse teaches that when a person becomes unrestrained and follows improper paths, their bodily vitality and material assets naturally diminish—like small rivers drying up when misdirected.

While narrating the seasonal pastimes around Vṛndāvana, Śukadeva uses natural phenomena as spiritual analogies to instruct Parīkṣit Mahārāja on dharma and inner discipline.

Avoid “wrong channels” such as addictive habits and impulsive decisions; cultivate regulated living and devotion so that health, resources, and clarity are preserved and used in service to God.