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Shloka 40

Gokula’s Wonder, Kṛṣṇa’s Bhakta-vaśyatā, the Move to Vṛndāvana, and the Slaying of Vatsāsura and Bakāsura

क्‍वचिद्वादयतो वेणुं क्षेपणै: क्षिपत: क्‍वचित् । क्‍वचित्पादै: किङ्किणीभि: क्‍वचित्कृत्रिमगोवृषै: ॥ ३९ ॥ वृषायमाणौ नर्दन्तौ युयुधाते परस्परम् । अनुकृत्य रुतैर्जन्तूंश्चेरतु: प्राकृतौ यथा ॥ ४० ॥

kvacid vādayato veṇuṁ kṣepaṇaiḥ kṣipataḥ kvacit kvacit pādaiḥ kiṅkiṇībhiḥ kvacit kṛtrima-go-vṛṣaiḥ

Sometimes They played the flute; sometimes They tossed ropes and stones to bring down fruits from the trees, and sometimes only stones. Sometimes, their ankle bells tinkling, They kicked bilva and āmalakī fruits like a ball. Sometimes They wrapped themselves in blankets, imitated cows and bulls, roared like bulls and wrestled with each other; sometimes They mimicked the cries of animals. Thus They sported, just like two ordinary children.

वृषायमाणौacting like bulls
वृषायमाणौ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootवृषाय (धातु; denominative from वृष)
Formवर्तमानकाले शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (present middle participle); प्रथमा (1st); द्विवचन; पुंलिङ्ग; ‘वृषायते’ = to act like a bull
नर्दन्तौroaring
नर्दन्तौ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootनर्द् (धातु)
Formवर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; प्रथमा; द्विवचन; पुंलिङ्ग
युयुधातेthey fought
युयुधाते:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootयुध् (धातु)
Formलिट् (perfect); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd); द्विवचन; आत्मनेपदम्
परस्परम्with each other
परस्परम्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरस्पर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय; परस्परार्थक (reciprocal adverb)
अनुकृत्यhaving imitated
अनुकृत्य:
Pūrvakāla (पूर्वकाल/absolutive)
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + कृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund); ‘having imitated’
रुतैःby sounds/cries
रुतैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootरुत (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from रु/रव्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया (3rd/instrumental); बहुवचन
जन्तून्creatures, animals
जन्तून्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootजन्तु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/accusative); बहुवचन
चेरतुःthey moved about
चेरतुः:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootचर् (धातु)
Formलिट् (perfect); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd); द्विवचन; परस्मैपदम्
प्राकृतौlike ordinary (boys)
प्राकृतौ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राकृत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st); द्विवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying the two boys)
यथाas, like
यथा:
Upamāna-bhāva (उपमान/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमानवाचक (comparative particle: as/like)

Vṛndāvana is full of peacocks. Kūjat-kokila-haṁsa-sārasa-gaṇākīrṇe mayūrākule . The Vṛndāvana forest is always full of cuckoos, ducks, swans, peacocks, cranes and also monkeys, bulls and cows. So Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma used to imitate the sounds of these animals and enjoy sporting.

Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
B
Balarāma
V
Vraja-gopāla boys (cowherd friends)

FAQs

This verse describes how Kṛṣṇa and His friends played like ordinary children—playing the flute, throwing toys, and imitating cows and bulls—revealing His sweet, approachable Vraja-līlā.

To show the intimacy of Vraja-bhakti: the Supreme Lord willingly comes under the spell of loving devotion and participates in simple village play with His devotees.

It teaches that devotion need not be complicated—bring sincerity, innocence, and joy into spiritual practice, and remember God as lovingly present in everyday life.