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Shloka 3

Dhruva’s Humiliation, Sunīti’s Counsel, and Nārada’s Bhakti-Yoga Instruction

तयो: समभवल्लोभो निकृतिश्च महामते । ताभ्यां क्रोधश्च हिंसा च यद्दुरुक्ति: स्वसा कलि: ॥ ३ ॥

tayoḥ samabhaval lobho nikṛtiś ca mahā-mate tābhyāṁ krodhaś ca hiṁsā ca yad duruktiḥ svasā kaliḥ

O great soul, from Dambha and Māyā were born Lobha (Greed) and Nikṛti (Cunning). From them came Krodha (Anger) and Hiṁsā (Violence); and from Krodha and Hiṁsā were born Kali and his sister Durukti (Harsh Speech).

तयोःof those two
तयोः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/genitive), द्विवचन; ‘of those two’
समभवत्arose; came to be
समभवत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलङ् (imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; उपसर्ग ‘सम्’
लोभःgreed
लोभः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootलोभ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
निकृतिःdeceit; fraud
निकृतिः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनिकृति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
महामतेO great-minded one
महामते:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootमहामति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, संबोधन, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः ‘महान् मतिः यस्य’ (O great-minded)
ताभ्याम्from those two
ताभ्याम्:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया (3rd/instrumental), द्विवचन; ‘from/by those two’
क्रोधःanger
क्रोधः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootक्रोध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
हिंसाviolence
हिंसा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootहिंसा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
यत्which
यत्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; relative pronoun (linking to following apposition)
दुरुक्तिःabusive speech
दुरुक्तिः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदुर् + उक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपसर्ग-तत्पुरुषः ‘दुष्टा उक्तिः’ (harsh speech)
स्वसाsister
स्वसा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वसृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘sister’
कलिःKali
कलिः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकलि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
M
Maitreya
V
Vidura
K
Kali

FAQs

This verse links Kali with “durukti” (abusive, harsh speech), indicating that quarrel and spiritual decline flourish where speech becomes cruel, offensive, and irreverent.

He explains a moral chain: when greed and deceit dominate, frustration and conflict naturally grow, which then manifest as anger and harm toward others—classic symptoms of adharma.

Watch the sequence: curb greed, avoid dishonest dealings, and discipline speech—because harsh words often ignite anger and lead to violence in relationships and society.