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Shloka 20

The Fall of Purañjana and the Supersoul as the Eternal Friend

Purañjana-Upākhyāna Culmination

प्रबोधयति माविज्ञं व्युषिते शोककर्शिता । वर्त्मैतद् गृहमेधीयं वीरसूरपि नेष्यति ॥ २० ॥

prabodhayati māvijñaṁ vyuṣite śoka-karśitā vartmaitad gṛha-medhīyaṁ vīra-sūr api neṣyati

King Purañjana kept thinking: “When I was bewildered, she would awaken me with wise counsel; when I was away from home, she would waste away in grief. Though she is the mother of many heroic sons, I still fear she will not be able to bear the burden of household duties.”

प्रबोधयतिshe awakens/rouses
प्रबोधयति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√बुध् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (Sg.), परस्मैपद; णिच् (causative sense: 'to awaken') implied by stem बोधय
माme
मा:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (अव्यय)
Formसर्वनाम-रूप (1st person acc. enclitic: माम्), here sandhi-shortened; कर्मपद
अविज्ञम्unaware/ignorant
अविज्ञम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootअविज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Acc. 2), एकवचन (Sg.)
व्युषितेwhen (he) has gone away
व्युषिते:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण; locative absolute)
TypeAdjective
Rootव्युषित (कृदन्त; √वस् (धातु) + वि- उपसर्ग, क्त)
Formसप्तमी-विभक्ति (Loc. 7), एकवचन (Sg.); सति-सप्तमी: when (he) has departed/been away
शोकgrief
शोक:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootशोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रातिपदिक (compound-member)
कर्शिताwasted by grief
कर्शिता:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootकर्शित (कृदन्त; √कृश् (धातु), क्त)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nom. 1), एकवचन (Sg.); शोक-कर्शिता = शोक-कारणेन कृशिता (emaciated by grief)
वर्त्मpath/way
वर्त्म:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवर्त्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc. 1/2), एकवचन (Sg.)
एतत्this
एतत्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc. 1/2), एकवचन (Sg.)
गृहमेधीयम्pertaining to household life
गृहमेधीयम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootगृहमेधीय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc. 1/2), एकवचन (Sg.); गृह-मेधिन् (householder) सम्बन्धी
वीरhero
वीर:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवीर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रातिपदिक (compound-member)
सूरःthe brave hero
सूरः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसूर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nom. 1), एकवचन (Sg.); वीर-सूर (copulative: 'hero and valiant') used as epithet
अपिalso/even
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसम्भावना/समुच्चय-अव्यय (particle: also/even)
नेष्यतिwill lead
नेष्यति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√नी (धातु)
Formलृट् (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (Sg.), परस्मैपद

At the time of death King Purañjana was thinking of his wife, and this is called polluted consciousness. As Lord Kṛṣṇa explains in Bhagavad-gītā (15.7) :

P
Purañjana
P
Purañjanī (the Queen)

FAQs

This verse says that the gṛhamedhī path binds one through attachment and lamentation—so powerful that even a heroic person becomes carried away by it.

In the Purañjana allegory, her attempt to awaken him depicts the conditioned soul’s blindness at death—clinging to the body and relationships even when life has already departed.

Cultivate remembrance of the soul and devotion to Bhagavān alongside duties, so that relationships and responsibilities do not become sources of bondage and overwhelming grief.