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Shloka 8

Dakṣa Offends Lord Śiva: Cursing and Countercursing in the Sacrificial Assembly

प्राङ्‍‌निषण्णं मृडं दृष्ट्वा नामृष्यत्तदनाद‍ृत: । उवाच वामं चक्षुर्भ्यामभिवीक्ष्य दहन्निव ॥ ८ ॥

prāṅ-niṣaṇṇaṁ mṛḍaṁ dṛṣṭvā nāmṛṣyat tad-anādṛtaḥ uvāca vāmaṁ cakṣurbhyām abhivīkṣya dahann iva

Before taking his seat, Dakṣa was deeply offended to see Lord Śiva sitting and offering him no respect. Enraged, his eyes blazing as if with fire, he began to speak harshly against Śiva.

प्राङ्facing east/forward
प्राङ्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राञ्च् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (masculine, accusative, singular; adjectival)
निषण्णम्seated
निषण्णम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-षद् (धातु) → निषण्ण (कृदन्त, क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/भूतकाले (past passive participle)
मृडम्Rudra/Śiva
मृडम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमृड (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (masculine, accusative, singular)
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु) → दृष्ट्वा (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्तम्; पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (gerund/absolutive: having seen)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्ययम् (negative particle)
अमृष्यत्did not tolerate
अमृष्यत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootमृष् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकारः (imperfect/past), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; न + अमृष्यत् = ‘न सहत’ (did not tolerate)
तत्that (act/thing)
तत्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम (neuter, accusative, singular)
अनादृतःdisrespectful
अनादृतः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनादृत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (masculine, nominative, singular; ‘disrespected/one who disrespects’)
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकारः (perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम् (he said)
वामम्left
वामम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootवाम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (neuter, accusative, singular; qualifying ‘eye’)
चक्षुर्भ्याम्with (his) two eyes
चक्षुर्भ्याम्:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootचक्षुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः, द्विवचनम् (neuter, instrumental, dual)
अभिवीक्ष्यhaving glanced at
अभिवीक्ष्य:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-वीक्ष् (धातु) → अभिवीक्ष्य (क्त्वा/ल्यप्-प्रत्यय)
Formल्यप्/क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्तम्; पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (having looked at)
दहन्burning
दहन्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootदह् (धातु) → दहन् (कृदन्त, शतृ)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकाले (present active participle: burning)
इवas if
इव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमानार्थक-अव्ययम् (comparative particle: as if/like)

Lord Śiva, being the son-in-law of Dakṣa, was expected to show his father-in-law respect by standing with the others, but because Lord Brahmā and Lord Śiva are the principal demigods, their positions are greater than Dakṣa’s. Dakṣa, however, could not tolerate this, and he took it as an insult by his son-in-law. Previously, also, he was not very much satisfied with Lord Śiva, for Śiva looked very poor and was niggardly in dress.

L
Lord Śiva (Mṛḍa)
D
Dakṣa

FAQs

Dakṣa interpreted Śiva’s averted posture as disrespect and, driven by pride, became intolerant and began to speak harshly.

It shows how ego quickly turns perceived slight into anger, leading one to commit offenses that damage spiritual harmony and invite suffering.

Pause before reacting, check whether the “disrespect” is only an assumption, and respond with restraint—avoiding words that burn relationships and invite regret.