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Shloka 3

Dakṣa Offends Lord Śiva: Cursing and Countercursing in the Sacrificial Assembly

एतदाख्याहि मे ब्रह्मन्जामातु: श्वशुरस्य च । विद्वेषस्तु यत: प्राणांस्तत्यजे दुस्त्यजान्सती ॥ ३ ॥

etad ākhyāhi me brahman jāmātuḥ śvaśurasya ca vidveṣas tu yataḥ prāṇāṁs tatyaje dustyajān satī

O brāhmaṇa Maitreya, please tell me: what bitter enmity arose between the son-in-law and the father-in-law that the great goddess Satī abandoned even her life, so difficult to relinquish?

एतत्this (matter)
एतत्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)
आख्याहिtell, explain
आख्याहि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-ख्या (धातु)
Formलोट् (imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
मेto me / for me
मे:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th, genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
ब्रह्मन्O brāhmaṇa / O Brahman
ब्रह्मन्:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th, vocative), एकवचन
जामातुःof the son-in-law
जामातुः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootजामातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th, genitive), एकवचन
श्वशुरस्यof the father-in-law
श्वशुरस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootश्वशुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th, genitive), एकवचन
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
विद्वेषःhatred
विद्वेषः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootविद्वेष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st, nominative), एकवचन
तुbut / indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विरोध/विशेषार्थक (adversative/emphatic particle)
यतःbecause / from which
यतः:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतस् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; हेत्वर्थक (causal adverb: 'because/whence')
प्राणान्life-breaths, life
प्राणान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd, accusative), बहुवचन
तत्यजेshe abandoned, gave up
तत्यजे:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज् (धातु)
Formलिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
दुस्त्यजान्hard-to-give-up
दुस्त्यजान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुस्-त्यज (कृदन्त; धातु √त्यज्)
Formउपसर्गपूर्वक (दुस्-), शतृ/शानच्-प्राय विशेषण; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन; 'त्यक्तुं अशक्य' (hard to abandon)
सतीSatī
सती:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसती (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st, nominative), एकवचन; (दक्षपुत्री सती)
S
Satī
D
Dakṣa
Ś
Śiva

FAQs

This verse points to the intense enmity between Dakṣa and Lord Śiva; Satī abandoned her life due to the unbearable dishonor and hostility connected with that conflict.

Vidura seeks a clear narration of how the father-in-law (Dakṣa) and son-in-law (Śiva) became enemies, since that feud is the direct cause behind Satī’s tragic decision.

Unchecked hatred and social dishonor can destroy relationships and inner peace; the Bhagavatam urges humility, restraint, and avoiding offenses—especially toward saintly persons.