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Shloka 38

Dhruva-vaṁśa Continuation: Utkala’s Renunciation, Aṅga’s Sacrifice, and the Birth of Vena

Prelude to Pṛthu

सा तत्पुंसवनं राज्ञी प्राश्य वै पत्युरादधे । गर्भं काल उपावृत्ते कुमारं सुषुवेऽप्रजा ॥ ३८ ॥

sā tat puṁ-savanaṁ rājñī prāśya vai patyur ādadhe garbhaṁ kāla upāvṛtte kumāraṁ suṣuve ’prajā

Although the Queen had no son, after eating that food, which had the power to produce a male child, she became pregnant by her husband, and in due course of time she gave birth to a son.

साshe
सा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)
तत्that
तत्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण (demonstrative)
पुंसवनम्the puṁsavana rite (conception/quickening rite)
पुंसवनम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootपुंसवन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
राज्ञीthe queen
राज्ञी:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootराज्ञी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; apposition to सा
प्राश्यhaving partaken (eaten)
प्राश्य:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial to main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आश् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having eaten/taken’
वैindeed
वै:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle/emphasis)
पत्युःof (her) husband
पत्युः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
आदधेshe conceived/received (placed within herself)
आदधे:
Kriya (क्रिया/Main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-धा (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/परोक्षभूत), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
गर्भम्a fetus/embryo
गर्भम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootगर्भ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
कालेwhen the time
काले:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन
उपावृत्तेhaving arrived/returned (i.e., when it came)
उपावृत्ते:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative absolute)
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आ-वृत् (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; locative absolute with काले
कुमारम्a boy/son
कुमारम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootकुमार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
सुषुवेshe gave birth
सुषुवे:
Kriya (क्रिया/Main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootसु-षु (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
अप्रजा(though) childless/without offspring
अप्रजा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-प्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; नञ्-तत्पुरुषार्थक (negating prefix) used adjectivally with सा/राज्ञी

Among the ten kinds of purificatory processes, one is puṁ-savanam, in which the wife is offered some prasāda, or remnants of foodstuff offered to Lord Viṣṇu, so that after sexual intercourse with her husband she may conceive a child.

T
the queen (rājnī)
T
the king (pati)

FAQs

This verse shows puṁsavana as a Vedic rite taken by a wife under her husband’s guidance, leading to conception and the blessing of a son when the proper time comes.

The narration highlights that despite earlier lack of offspring, by following dharmic rites and when time became favorable, she conceived and delivered a son—showing providence working through dharma.

It encourages honoring sacred responsibility in family life—acting with faith, purity, and patience, and recognizing that results come in due time.