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Shloka 28

Dhruva Uses the Nārāyaṇāstra; Manu Checks His Wrath and Teaches Dharma

य: पञ्चवर्षो जननीं त्वं विहाय मातु: सपत्‍न्या वचसा भिन्नमर्मा । वनं गतस्तपसा प्रत्यगक्ष- माराध्य लेभे मूर्ध्नि पदं त्रिलोक्या: ॥ २८ ॥

yaḥ pañca-varṣo jananīṁ tvaṁ vihāya mātuḥ sapatnyā vacasā bhinna-marmā vanaṁ gatas tapasā pratyag-akṣam ārādhya lebhe mūrdhni padaṁ tri-lokyāḥ

My dear Dhruva, when you were only five years old, your heart was pierced by the words of your mother’s co-wife; boldly leaving your mother’s shelter, you went to the forest and, by austerity, worshiped Nārāyaṇa, the Lord within. Thus you have attained the highest position in all three worlds.

यःwho
यः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक (relative pronoun)
पञ्चवर्षःfive-year-old
पञ्चवर्षः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; qualifier of यः)
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्च + वर्ष (प्रातिपदिके; समास)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; द्विगु-समास (पञ्च वर्षाणि यस्य/पञ्चवर्षः)
जननीम्mother
जननीम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootजननी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; in direct address/context)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तम/मध्यम-पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम; प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
विहायhaving left
विहाय:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/Absolutive; prior action)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि-हा (धातु) + ल्यप् (अव्ययकृदन्त)
Formल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having abandoned’
मातुःof (his) mother
मातुः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन
सपत्‍न्याby the co-wife
सपत्‍न्या:
Karana (करण/Agent-instrument; by)
TypeNoun
Rootसपत्नी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन
वचसाby words/speech
वचसा:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootवचस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन
भिन्नमर्माwhose heart/vitals were wounded
भिन्नमर्मा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; qualifier of यः)
TypeAdjective
Rootभिन्न (युज्? no) √भिद् (धातु) + क्त; मर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि (भिन्नं मर्म यस्य)
वनम्to the forest
वनम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object; goal)
TypeNoun
Rootवन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
गतःhaving gone
गतः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootगम् (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘gone’
तपसाby austerity
तपसा:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन
प्रत्यगक्षम्the inward-seeing (Lord)
प्रत्यगक्षम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object; of ārādhya)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रत्यक् + अक्ष (प्रातिपदिके; समास)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (प्रत्यक् अक्षम् = inward-eyed)
आराध्यhaving worshipped
आराध्य:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/Absolutive)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ-राध् (धातु) + ल्यप् (अव्ययकृदन्त)
Formल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having worshipped/propitiated’
लेभेobtained
लेभे:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootलभ् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
मूर्ध्निon (his) head
मूर्ध्नि:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootमूर्धन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन
पदम्position/abode
पदम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootपद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
त्रिलोक्याःof the three worlds
त्रिलोक्याः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootत्रि + लोक (प्रातिपदिके; समास)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; द्विगु-समास (त्रयः लोकाः)

Manu was very proud that Dhruva Mahārāja was one of the descendants in his family, because at the age of only five years Dhruva began meditating upon the Supreme Personality of Godhead and within six months he was able to see the Supreme Lord face to face. Factually, Dhruva Mahārāja is the glory of the Manu dynasty, or the human family. The human family begins from Manu. The Sanskrit word for man is manuṣya, which means “descendant of Manu.” Not only is Dhruva Mahārāja the glory of the family of Svāyambhuva Manu, but he is the glory of the entire human society. Because Dhruva Mahārāja had already surrendered to the Supreme Godhead, he was especially requested not to do anything unbefitting a surrendered soul.

S
Suniti
D
Dhruva Maharaja
S
Suruci
V
Vishnu (Paramatma)

FAQs

This verse recalls that Dhruva, though only five, went to the forest, worshiped the indwelling Lord with intense austerity, and received an exalted position described as the “crown” of the three worlds.

Suniti reminds Dhruva of the turning point—Suruci’s cruel speech wounded him and propelled him toward renunciation and single-minded worship of Vishnu, which ultimately brought divine success.

Channel pain or rejection into disciplined spiritual practice—steady prayer, self-control, and sincere devotion—rather than resentment, trusting that inner worship of the Lord leads to lasting elevation.