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Mantra 12

Sukta 4

सुविज्ञानं चिकितुषे जनाय सच्चासच्च वचसी पस्पृधाते । तयोर्यत् सत्यं यतरदृजीयस्तदित् सोमोऽवति हन्त्यसत्

suvijñānáṃ cikitúṣe jánāya sáccā́sacca váca­sī paspṛdhāte | táyor yát satyáṃ yátaradŕ̥jīyas tád ít sómo ’vati hánty ásat ||

For the man of right discernment, for him that knoweth, True speech and False contend together in rivalry. Of these, what is the True, what is the straighter and the stronger—That verily Soma upholds, and smiteth down the Untrue.

सुविज्ञानम्good knowledge, clear understanding
सुविज्ञानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसु-विज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक; √ज्ञा ‘जानना’ से ‘विज्ञान’)
चिकितुषेto the discerning/wise one
चिकितुषे:
Sampradāna
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Root√चित्/चिकित् (चिकित् ‘समझना/विचार करना’); कृत्-रूप ‘चिकितुष्’ (परिपूर्ण/विद्वान्)
जनायto the person/folk
जनाय:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootजन (प्रातिपदिक)
सत्the true/real
सत्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसत् (प्रातिपदिक; √अस् ‘होना’ से वर्तमान कृदन्त)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
असत्the untrue/unreal
असत्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअसत् (प्रातिपदिक; √अस् से नकार)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वचसीtwo utterances/words
वचसी:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवचस् (प्रातिपदिक)
पस्पृधाते(they) contend/strive against each other
पस्पृधाते:
TypeVerb
Root√स्पृध् (स्पर्धते ‘प्रतिस्पर्धा/विवाद करना’)
तयोःof those two / between those two
तयोः:
Adhikaraṇa
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
यत्which (of the two)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
यत्and which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
तरत्surpasses/crosses over
तरत्:
TypeVerb
Root√तॄ (तरति ‘पार करना/अतिक्रम करना’)
ऋजीयःmore straight/right (more correct)
ऋजीयः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootऋजीयस् (तुलनात्मक विशेषण; ‘ऋजु’/‘ऋजि’ ‘सीधा/उचित’ से)
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
इत्indeed, just
इत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत् (निपात)
सोमःSoma
सोमः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
अवतिprotects
अवति:
TypeVerb
Root√अव् (अवति ‘रक्षा/पालन करना’)
हन्तिstrikes/destroys
हन्ति:
TypeVerb
Root√हन् (हनति ‘मारना/नाश करना’)
असत्the untrue/unreal (falsehood)
असत्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअसत् (प्रातिपदिक)

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (often treated as Angiras/Atharvan in ancillary lists for this complex)

Devata: Soma (as truth-aider and falsehood-slayer)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; hymn-complex uses triṣṭubh-like cadence)

{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From tension of rivalry to calm certainty of truth upheld.","listener_experience":"Sobriety, clarity, and confidence in ethical order.","intensity":4}