Mantra 12

Sukta 20

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अच्युतच्युत् समदो गमिष्ठो मृधो जेता पुरएतायोध्यः । इन्द्रेण गुप्तो विदथा निचिक्यद्धृद्द्योतनो द्विषतां याहि शीभम्

IAST Transliteration

acyuta-cyút samadó gámiṣṭho mr̥dhó jetā́ pura-etā́ yódhyaḥ | índreṇa guptó vidáthā nicíkyad hr̥d-dyótano dviṣatā́ṃ yāhi śī́bham ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Shaker of the unshaken, in battle swiftest to advance; conqueror in hostilities, vanguard-going, meet for fight: guarded by Indra, discerning in the councils, heart-illuming—go thou swiftly against the hating foes.

Word by Word

• अच्युतच्युत्: steadfast (unshaken), yet making others fall / ‘unshaken–overthrowing’
• अच्युतच्युत्: Kartā (विशेषणम्) / सम्बोधन-प्रायः
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अच्युत-च्युत् (प्रातिपदिक; अ-च्युत ‘अचल/अविचल’ + च्युत ‘च्युत/पतित’)

• समदः: exultant, spirited
• समदः: Kartā (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समद (प्रातिपदिक; सम्+मद ‘उत्साह/मद/हर्ष’)

• गमिष्ठः: most ready to go / swiftest
• गमिष्ठः: Kartā (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गम् (धातु) → गमिष्ठ (श्रेष्ठतमे-प्रत्ययः -इष्ठ)

• मृधः: of the foe/hostility
• मृधः: Karma (सम्बन्धः: ‘of hostility/foe’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृध् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘वैर/संघर्ष/शत्रुता’)

• जेता: conqueror
• जेता: Kartā
• Type: Noun (agent) / Adjective
• Root: जि (धातु) → जेतृ (कृदन्त, तृ-प्रत्यय)

• पुरएता: going in front, leader/forerunner
• पुरएता: Kartā (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Noun (agent) / Adjective
• Root: पुर-एतृ (प्रातिपदिक; पुरः ‘अग्रे’ + एतृ ‘गन्ता’)

• योध्यः: fit to fight, battle-worthy
• योध्यः: Kartā (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युध् (धातु) → योध्य (कृदन्त; -य (gerundive/योग्य) ‘युद्धयोग्य’)

• इन्द्रेण: by/with Indra
• इन्द्रेण: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• गुप्तः: protected, guarded
• गुप्तः: Kartā (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective (past passive participle)
• Root: गुप् (धातु) → गुप्त (कृदन्त; क्त-प्रत्यय, कर्मणि)

• विदथा: assemblies/rites, ceremonial gatherings
• विदथा: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विदथ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘यज्ञ/सभा/विधि/अनुष्ठान’)

• निचिक्यत्: he perceived/understood, took note
• निचिक्यत्: Kartā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: चिकि/चित् (धातु; ‘ज्ञा/बुध्’) with नि-; (वेद. परस्मैपद)

• हृद्द्योतनः: heart-illuminating, gladdening
• हृद्द्योतनः: Kartā (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: हृद् (प्रातिपदिक) + द्योतन (प्रातिपदिक; द्युत् ‘दीप्तौ’ → द्योतन ‘प्रकाशक’)

• द्विषताम्: of the haters/enemies
• द्विषताम्: Apādāna/सम्बन्ध (context: ‘of the haters/enemies’)
• Type: Noun (agent) / Adjective
• Root: द्विष् (धातु ‘द्वेषे’) → द्विषत् (वर्तमान-कृदन्त/शत्रु)

• याहि: go! proceed!
• याहि: (आदेश) क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु ‘गत्यर्थ’)

• शीभम्: swiftly, quickly
• शीभम्: क्रियाविशेषणम्
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शीभ (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक; ‘शीघ्र/त्वरित’)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition

Devata: Indra (protector and victory-giver)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From identity of unstoppable force → assurance of protection → clarity in counsel → swift advance against foes.","listener_experience":"A brightening in the chest; readiness to move first; calm aggression without shakiness.","intensity":8}