Mantra 4
Sukta 51
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
शतानीका हेतयो अस्य दुष्टरा इन्द्रस्य समिषो महीः । गिरिर्न भुज्मा मघवत्सु पिन्वते यदीं सुता अमन्दिषुः
IAST Transliteration
śatānī́kā hetáyo asya duṣṭárā índrasya samī́ṣo mahī́ḥ | girír na bhujmā́ maghávatsu pinvate yád īṃ sutā́ amándiṣuḥ
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Hundredfold are his missiles, hard to be withstood—Indra’s great impellings unto might. Like a compact mountain he swells among the liberal, when the pressed draughts have made him glad.
Word by Word
शतानिकाः(they) of a hundred faces/points; hundred-fold (hosts)
शतानिकाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootशतानिक (प्रातिपदिक)
हेतयःmissiles, weapons
हेतयः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootहेति (प्रातिपदिक)
अस्यof him/this (i.e., of Indra)
अस्य:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
दुष्टराःhard to overcome, irresistible
दुष्टराः:
Kartā (विशेषणम् of हेतयः)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्टर (प्रातिपदिक; दुस् + √तॄ/तॄ? → ‘to cross’, ‘hard to overcome’)
इन्द्रस्यof Indra
इन्द्रस्य:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
समिषःimpulses/instigations; onsets (of might)
समिषः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसमिष् (प्रातिपदिक)
महीःgreat, mighty
महीः:
Kartā (विशेषणम् of समिषः)
TypeAdjective
Rootमही (प्रातिपदिक)
गिरिःa mountain
गिरिः:
Kartā (उपमान-आधारः)
TypeNoun
Rootगिरि (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
भुज्माa strong one; a mighty/firm (one)
भुज्मा:
Kartā (उपमेयः)
TypeNoun
Rootभुज्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
मघवत्सुamong the bountiful (patrons)/the generous
मघवत्सु:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootमघवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
पिन्वतेswells/abounds; is invigorated
पिन्वते:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√पिव्/√पिन् (पिन्व्) ‘to swell, make abound, invigorate’
यदाwhen
यदा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
ईम्indeed, just, then
ईम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootईम्
सुताःpressed (Soma-draughts)
सुताः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसुत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √सु ‘to press (Soma)’ → सुत ‘pressed’)
अमन्दिषुःthey rejoiced/exulted (became exhilarated)
अमन्दिषुः:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√मन्द् ‘to be glad/intoxicated’ (with preverb a- intensifying/negating? here: a- as augment-like in perfect/aorist formation)
Attribution
Rishi: Ṛgvedic provenance (Indra hymn source)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"raudra","emotional_arc":"From awe at Indra’s arsenal to reassurance in his swelling protective presence.","listener_experience":"Braced, fearless, ready to confront obstacles.","intensity":8}