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Mantra 1

Sukta 120

यदिन्द्र प्रागपागुदङ्न्यग् वा हूयसे नृभिः । सिमा पुरू नृषूतो अस्यानवेऽसि प्रशर्ध तुर्वशे

yádi índra prā́g apā́g úd-aṅ nyàg vā hūyáse nṛ́bhiḥ | símā purū́ nṛ-sū́to asyā́nave ’si praśardha turváśe

If, Indra, eastward or westward, northward or downward, thou art called by men, within the many bounds—thou, driver-on of heroes, art for this Anu’s son: press on in onset against the Turvaśa.

यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र
प्राक्eastward / to the front
प्राक्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्राक्
अपाक्westward / away
अपाक्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपाक्
उदक्northward / upward
उदक्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउदक्
न्यक्downward / southward
न्यक्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन्यक्
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
हूयसेyou are called / invoked
हूयसे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootह्वा (√ह्वा)
नृभिःby men
नृभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootनृ
सीम्indeed / just
सीम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसीम्
पुरूmuch; many times
पुरू:
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरु
नृषूतः(you) the charioteer/driver of men (epithet of Indra)
नृषूतः:
Kartā (of ‘असि’)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootनृषूत (नृ + सूत)
असिyou are
असि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (√अस्)
अस्यof this (one)
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (अस्य = इदम्-प्रातिपदिक)
अनवेalong/after; in support
अनवे:
TypeIndeclinable (preverb used adverbially)
Rootअनु
प्रशर्धattack! overpower!
प्रशर्ध:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-शर्ध् (√शर्ध्)
तुर्वशेfor/against Turvaśa (the Turvaśa)
तुर्वशे:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun (tribal name)
Rootतुर्वश

Rishi: Kāṇva / RV-derived attribution (Book 20 is predominantly Rigvedic material in Atharvan arrangement)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (RV-style; AV Book 20 commonly preserves RV meters)

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"raudra","emotional_arc":"Summons from all directions → recognition of Indra’s role → decisive command to attack.","listener_experience":"Rallying courage, strategic clarity, and protective confidence.","intensity":8}