Mantra 18
Sukta 92
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
नकिष्टं कर्मणा नशद् यश्चकार सदावृधम्। इन्द्रं न यज्ञैर्विश्वगूर्तमृभ्वसमधृष्टं धृष्ण्वोऽजसम्
IAST Transliteration
nákiṣ ṭáṁ kármaṇā naśad yáś cakā́ra sadā́vṛdham | índraṁ ná yajñáir viśvágūrtam ṛ́bhvasam ádhṛṣṭaṁ dhṛ́ṣṇvo’jásam
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
None by deed attains to him who hath made himself ever-growing; nor (do men reach) Indra—universally lauded with sacrifices—skilful, unassailed, bold, unfailing.
Word by Word
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निषेध) अव्यय
किःanyone / who (at all)
किः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इष्टम्desired (thing)
इष्टम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootइष्ट (√यज् → इष्ट, क्त-प्रत्यय; ‘इष्ट’ = desired/cherished)
कर्मणाby (his) deed / action
कर्मणा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
नशत्attained / reached
नशत्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√नश् (नशँ) ‘to reach/attain; to succeed’
यःwho
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
चकारhas done / made
चकार:
—
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (डुकृञ्) ‘to do, make’
सदाalways
सदा:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा (अव्यय)
आवृधम्ever-increasing
आवृधम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-वृध (√वृध् ‘to grow, increase’ with उपसर्ग आ-; ‘आवृध’ = ever-increasing)
इन्द्रम्Indra
इन्द्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike / as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (उपमा/सादृश्ये निपात)
यज्ञैःwith sacrifices
यज्ञैः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
विश्वगूर्तम्universally praised
विश्वगूर्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व-गूर्त (समास; गूर्त < √गॄ/√गुर्? वैदिक ‘praised/approved/celebrated’; ‘विश्वगूर्त’ = universally praised)
ऋभ्वसम्skilful / mighty
ऋभ्वसम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootऋभ्वस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘skilful, ingenious, mighty’)
अधृष्टम्unassailable / not to be dared
अधृष्टम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-धृष्ट (√धृष् ‘to dare, assail’ with नञ्; ‘undared/unassailed’)
धृष्ण्वःthe bold one
धृष्ण्वः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootधृष्णु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bold, daring, impetuous’)
अजसम्unceasing / continual
अजसम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअजस (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक; ‘continually, unceasingly’)
Attribution
Rishi: RV-source r̥ṣi attribution (Indra-stotra tradition) carried into AV 20.
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"From negation of rivals (‘none attains him’) to calm certainty (‘unassailed, unfailing’).","listener_experience":"Steady courage; less vulnerability to criticism or threat.","intensity":6}