Mantra 37
Sukta 4
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
प्रवीयमाना चरति क्रुद्धा गोपतये वशा। वेहतं मा मन्यमानो मृत्योः पाशेषु बध्यताम्
IAST Transliteration
pravī́yamānā carati krúddhā gopátaye vaśā́ | véhatam mā́ mányamāno mṛtyóḥ pā́śeṣu badhyatām ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Driven onward she goes, wrathful, the Vashā, against the cattle-lord. Let him who, deeming her ‘barren’ (or ‘worthless’), so thinks—be bound fast in the nooses of Death.
Word by Word
प्रवीयमानाbeing driven/impelled forward
प्रवीयमाना:
Kartā (चरति इत्यस्य कर्तृविशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootप्र-√वी (वेति/वयति) → प्रवीयमान (वर्तमानकृदन्त)
चरतिmoves, goes about
चरति:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√चर्
क्रुद्धाangered
क्रुद्धा:
Kartā (चरति इत्यस्य कर्तृविशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Root√क्रुध् → क्रुद्ध (भूतकृदन्त)
गोपतयेfor the lord/guardian of cattle
गोपतये:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootगोपति (प्रातिपदिक)
वशाthe cow (vashā; a cow/possibly a barren cow in some usage)
वशा:
Kartā (चरति इत्यस्य कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवशा (प्रातिपदिक)
वेहतम्(as) barren/without offspring
वेहतम्:
Karma (मन्यमानः इत्यस्य विचार्य-वस्तु)
TypeAdjective
Rootवेहत (प्रातिपदिक; ‘barren/without calf’)
माdo not
मा:
(निषेध-प्रयोगः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध)
मन्यमानःthinking, supposing
मन्यमानः:
Kartā (बध्यताम् इत्यस्य कर्ता = मृत्युः)
TypeParticiple
Root√मन् (मन्यते) → मन्यमान (वर्तमानकृदन्त)
मृत्योःof Death
मृत्योः:
Sambandha (पाशेषु इत्यस्य सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
पाशेषुin the nooses
पाशेषु:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootपाश (प्रातिपदिक)
बध्यताम्let him be bound
बध्यताम्:
Kriyā (आशीर्वचन/विधिवाक्ये)
TypeVerb
Root√बन्ध्
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic/Aṅgirasa tradition (not specified).
Devata: Vaśā (wrathful agent) and Mṛtyu (punitive power).
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh.
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"raudra","secondary_rasa":"bhayankara","emotional_arc":"From rising wrath (kruddhā) to terminal binding threat (mṛtyu-pāśa).","listener_experience":"A deterrent jolt; fear-based respect for vows and sacred property-transfer.","intensity":7}