Mantra 21
Sukta 4
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
ओषधीनामहं वृण उर्वरीरिव साधुया। नयाम्यर्वतीरिवाहे निरैतु ते विषम्
IAST Transliteration
óṣadhīnām aháṃ vṛṇe urvárīr iva sādhúyā | nayāmy árvātīr ivā́he nír etu te víṣam ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Of herbs I make my choice, as one selects good fields with skill; I lead them on, as mares are driven: forth from the serpent let thy poison go.
Word by Word
ओषधीनाम्of the herbs
ओषधीनाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootओषधि- (प्रातिपदिक)
अहम्I
अहम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वृणेchoose / select
वृणे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√वृ (वृणोति/वृणुते ‘to choose, select’)
उर्वरीःfertile fields / cultivated lands
उर्वरीः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootउर्वरी- (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike
इव:
(upamā-marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
साधुयाwith good (proper) means / rightly
साधुया:
करण (manner/instrumental)
TypeAdjective
Rootसाधु- (प्रातिपदिक)
नयामिI lead
नयामि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√नी (नयति ‘to lead’)
अर्वतीःthe swift ones / horse-possessing (fem.)
अर्वतीः:
कर्म
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअर्वती- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘having horses / swift’)
इवlike
इव:
(upamā-marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
आहेindeed / O! (calling/particle)
आहे:
(discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआहे (अव्यय/निपात; वैदिक-प्रयोग)
निरैतुlet (it) go out / depart
निरैतु:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√इ (एति ‘to go’) + निर्- (उपसर्ग)
तेof you / for you
ते:
सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (to/for you; your)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
विषम्poison
विषम्:
कर्तृ (with imperative: ‘let the poison depart’) / or कर्म (object of expulsion)
TypeNoun
Rootविष- (प्रातिपदिक)
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (consult anukramaṇī).
Devata: Oṣadhis (herbs) as divine powers; anti-venom expulsion.
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"From careful discernment to confident mobilization, ending in calm command of expulsion.","listener_experience":"A composed, ‘clinical’ steadiness—feels like taking the right medicine correctly.","intensity":6}