Sutra 12
Devanagari script
व्यसनोपघातत्वरितो वा कोशदण्डाभ्यां देशे काले कार्ये वावधृतं संधिमुपेयात् ॥ कZ_०७.१४.१२ ॥
Transliteration
vyasanopaghātatvarito vā kośadaṇḍābhyāṃ deśe kāle kārye vāvadhṛtaṃ saṃdhim upeyāt
Translation
If pressed by calamity or sudden attack, one should enter into a treaty whose terms are assessed with reference to treasury and force, and calibrated to place, time, and objective.
Word by Word
व्यसन-उपघात-त्वरितःone who is hurried/pressed (to act) due to calamity and attack
व्यसन-उपघात-त्वरितः:
TypeAdjective (Past participle used adjectivally)
Rootत्वर् (त्वरणे)
Formप्रथमा-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गः; त्वरित (क्त) with qualifiers व्यसन + उपघात; agrees with implied subject (e.g., राजा/दूतः)
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक-निपातः
कोश-दण्डाभ्याम्by means of treasury and force (resources and coercive power)
कोश-दण्डाभ्याम्:
TypeNoun (dual compound)
Rootकोश; दण्ड
Formतृतीया-द्विवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गः; instrumental dual
देशेin/with respect to the place/territory
देशे:
TypeNoun
Rootदेश
Formसप्तमी-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गः; locative
कालेin/with respect to time
काले:
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
Formसप्तमी-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गः; locative
कार्येin/with respect to the task/affair
कार्ये:
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य
Formसप्तमी-एकवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्गः; locative
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक-निपातः
अवधृतम्having ascertained/decided (after due consideration)
अवधृतम्:
TypeVerbal adjective (past passive participle)
Rootअव-धृ (धारणे)
Formद्वितीया-एकवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्गः; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; used predicatively: ‘having ascertained/decided’ (object understood: e.g., what is to be done)
सन्धिम्a treaty/peace (alliance/compact)
सन्धिम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसन्धि
Formद्वितीया-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गः; object of उपेयात्
उपेयात्should enter into / should resort to
उपेयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-इ (गत्यर्थे)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; ‘should resort to/enter into’
Entities Mentioned
K
kośa (treasury)D
daṇḍa (force)FAQs
State capacity: treasury (finance) and force (military coercion), adjusted for place, time, and policy goal.