Sutra 6

Devanagari script

मानुषं नयापनयौ दैवमयानयौ ॥ कZ_०६.२.०६ ॥

Transliteration

mānuṣaṃ nayāpanayau daivamayānayau

Translation

Human factors are sound policy and faulty policy; fate consists of favorable and unfavorable chance.

Word by Word

• मानुषम्: human (factor/means)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: मनुष्य
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (सन्दर्भे—‘मानुषम्’ इति दैवस्य विरोधेन ‘मानुषं (कारणम्/उपायः)’ अर्थे)

• नय: policy; right conduct; prudent management
• Type: Noun
• Root: नी (नयति)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (समाहार-द्वन्द्वे ‘नयापनयौ’ इत्यस्य प्रथमाङ्गम्)

• अपनय: mismanagement; wrong policy; misconduct
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप + नी (अपनयति)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (समाहार-द्वन्द्वे ‘नयापनयौ’ इत्यस्य द्वितीयाङ्गम्)

• नयापनयौ: (both) good policy and bad policy
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: नी (नयति) / अप+नी (अपनयति)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्विवचन, प्रथमा; ‘नय’ + ‘अपनय’ इत्ययोः द्वन्द्वः

• दैवम्: fate; divine/fortuitous factor
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: दैव
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (सन्दर्भे—‘दैवम्’ इति ‘दैव-कारणम्/भाग्यम्’)

• अयन: advance; favorable course/movement
• Type: Noun
• Root: इ (अयति)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (समाहार-द्वन्द्वे ‘अयानयौ’ इत्यस्य प्रथमाङ्गम्)

• अनयन: non-advance; adverse course/obstruction
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन् + नी (अनयति) / नय (as noun)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (समाहार-द्वन्द्वे ‘अयानयौ’ इत्यस्य द्वितीयाङ्गम्)

• अयानयौ: (both) favorable course and unfavorable course (of fate)
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: इ (अयति) / अन्+नी (अनयति)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्विवचन, प्रथमा; ‘अयन’ + ‘अनयन’ इत्ययोः द्वन्द्वः

Entities Mentioned

• naya
• apanaya
• daiva
• ānaya
• anānaya

More Details

FAQs

What distinction is Kautilya making for administrators?

Separate what is controllable (policy quality) from what is uncontrollable (chance), so responsibility is assigned correctly and planning becomes realistic.