Sutra 10

Devanagari script

कर्षहीनातिरिक्ते त्रिपणो दण्डः ॥ कZ_०४.२.१० ॥

Transliteration

karṣahīnātirikte tripaṇo daṇḍaḥ

Translation

If the deviation is one karṣa short or excess, the fine is three paṇas.

Word by Word

• कर्ष: karṣa (a standard weight unit)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष् (कर्षण/आकर्षणार्थकः)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (प्रयोगे ‘कर्ष’ = भारमान/परिमाण-नाम)

• हीन: deficient, short (in weight)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ही (हानौ) → हीन (कृदन्त-विशेषण)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे/पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; ‘कर्ष’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; अर्थः ‘अल्प/न्यून’

• अतिरिक्ते: when excessive; in the case of excess (weight)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अति + रिक् (विरिचने) → अतिरिक्त (कृदन्त-विशेषण)
• Form: सप्तमी एकवचन (नपुंसक/पुं); ‘(कर्षे) अतिरिक्ते’ = अधिके सति; लोकेटिव-अब्सोल्यूट/सप्तमी-प्रयोगः

• त्रिपणः: a fine of three paṇas
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि + पण (मूल-नाम)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; ‘त्रयः पणाः’ इति अर्थे समासः; दण्डस्य परिमाणम्

• दण्डः: fine/penalty (state-imposed punishment)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड (नाम)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; विधेय-नाम (अस्ति-लोपः)

Entities Mentioned

• karṣa
• paṇa
• daṇḍa

More Details

FAQs

What is the policy logic of a lower fine here compared to other instruments?

The schedule can reflect typical transaction sizes and expected harm; smaller retail measures may warrant lower absolute fines while still deterring repeat abuse via escalation.