Sutra 19

Devanagari script

शृङ्गिदंष्ट्रिभ्यामन्योन्यं घातयतस्तच्च तावच्च दण्डः ॥ कZ_०४.१३.१९ ॥

Transliteration

śṛṅgidaṃṣṭribhyām anyonyaṃ ghātayatas tacca tāvacca daṇḍaḥ

Translation

For making horned and fanged animals kill one another, the penalty shall be of the same amount (and correspondingly) for each case.

Word by Word

• शृङ्गि: a horned one (animal)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: शृङ्गिन्
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (पुं); विशेषणरूपेण ‘शृङ्गयुक्तः/शृङ्गी’

• दंष्ट्रि: a tusked/fanged one (animal)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: दंष्ट्रिन्
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (पुं); विशेषणरूपेण ‘दंष्ट्रायुक्तः/दंष्ट्रि’

• भ्याम्: by/with the two (instrumental dual ending)
• Type: Particle (case-ending)
• Root: (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक-समुच्चय)
• Form: तृतीया/सप्तमी-द्विवचन-प्रत्ययः; अत्र तृतीया-द्विवचनम् (करणे) — ‘(ताभ्याम्) शृङ्गिदंष्ट्रिभ्याम्’

• अन्योन्यम्: each other; mutually
• Type: Pronoun/Adverbial (reciprocal)
• Root: अन्योन्य
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम्; क्रियाविशेषणवत् ‘परस्परम्’

• घातयतः: (the two) cause (each other) to be struck/killed; make fight
• Type: Verb
• Root: घातय् (णिच्) < हन्
• Form: लट्, प्रथमा-द्विवचनम्, परस्मैपदम्; णिच्-प्रयोगः (causative) — ‘(तौ) घातयतः’ = ‘cause to strike/kill’

• तत्: that; in that case
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचनम्; अत्र ‘तत् (दण्डः)’ इति निर्देशः

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्ययम्

• तौ: those two (persons)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा-द्विवचनम्; ‘those two’

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्ययम्

• तावत्: to that extent; so much
• Type: Adverb/Quantifier
• Root: तावत्
• Form: परिमाणवाचक-अव्ययम्; ‘so much/that much’

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्ययम्

• दण्डः: punishment; penalty (fine)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (पुं); दण्ड (राजदण्ड/दण्डविधान)

Entities Mentioned

• animal owner/instigator (implicit)
• horned animals
• fanged animals

More Details

FAQs

What is the governance concern with animal fighting?

It creates predictable violence, public disorder, and property loss; penalizing instigation discourages organized cruelty and risk.

What does ‘tacca tāvacca’ suggest administratively?

A standardized proportional schedule—penalties mirror the harm/valuation rules applied in related cases.