Sutra 18

Devanagari script

शुल्कव्ययकर्मणी च जीयेत ॥ कZ_०४.१२.१८ ॥

Transliteration

śulkavyayakarmaṇī ca jīyeta

Translation

He shall forfeit (lose) the claim regarding the bride-price, expenses, and rites as well.

Word by Word

• शुल्क: duty, toll, customs levy
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुल्क
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद/विषय-निर्देश)

• व्यय: expenditure, outlay
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यय
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद/विषय-निर्देश)

• कर्मणी: in (the) work/operation; in the performance of duties
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी एकवचन (अधिकरण)

• च: and; also
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्ययम्

• जीयेत: should win/prevail; should succeed
• Type: Verb
• Root: जि
• Form: लोट् (आज्ञार्थ/विधिलिङ्-प्रायः सूत्रेषु); आत्मनेपदम्; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; धातु: जि (जयति)

Entities Mentioned

• claimant (implied)
• court/king’s justice

More Details

FAQs

What kind of sanction is ‘jīyeta’ in 4.12.18?

A civil/financial consequence: the party is made to lose entitlement to specified payments/claims (śulka, expenses, rites).

Why would the text add forfeiture beyond fines?

To prevent extraction of marriage-related payments through misconduct or bad-faith litigation, aligning incentives with lawful conduct.