Sutra 4
Devanagari script
पितृद्रव्यादविभक्तोपगतानां पुत्राः पौत्रा वा आचतुर्थादित्यंशभाजः ॥ कZ_०३.५.०४ ॥
Transliteration
pitṛdravyād avibhaktopagatānāṃ putrāḥ pautrā vā ācaturthād ity aṃśabhājaḥ
Translation
Sons—or grandsons—who have remained in an undivided joint estate derived from the father’s property become entitled to shares beginning from the fourth generation (i.e., the right of share is recognized up to the third; beyond that, share-claims start only from the fourth).
Word by Word
पितृद्रव्यात्from the father’s property/estate
पितृद्रव्यात्:
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ + द्रव्य
Formपुंलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी एकवचन; अपादानार्थे (from the father's property)
अविभक्तundivided
अविभक्त:
TypeParticiple (Verbal adjective)
Rootवि + भज् (भजँ)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन (as qualifier in बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय sense with उपगतानाम); क्त-प्रत्यय; ‘undivided’
उपगतानाम्of those who have entered into (that undivided paternal property) / of those so situated
उपगतानाम्:
TypeParticiple (Verbal adjective)
Rootउप + गम् (गमॢँ)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्यय; ‘of those who have come/entered (into that status)’
पुत्राःsons
पुत्राः:
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन
पौत्राःgrandsons
पौत्राः:
TypeNoun
Rootपौत्र
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक अव्यय (or)
आचतुर्थात्starting from the fourth (i.e., from a quarter share)
आचतुर्थात्:
TypeAdverbial (indeclinable usage of numeral base)
Rootआ + चतुर्थ
Formअव्ययीभाव-प्राय प्रयोग; पञ्चमी-भावार्थः; ‘from the fourth (share) onward / beginning with the fourth’
इतिthus
इति:
TypeParticle
Rootइति
Formउद्धरण/निगमनार्थक अव्यय
अंशभाजःare entitled to shares / are sharers
अंशभाजः:
TypeNoun (agent noun)
Rootअंश + भाज् (भाजँ)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन; ‘भागं भजन्ति’ (those who take/receive a share)
Entities Mentioned
S
sons (putrāḥ)G
grandsons (pautrāḥ)F
father’s property (pitṛdravyam)FAQs
It reduces litigation by narrowing who can assert a legal share in ancestral property, making succession determinate and easier for courts/officials to enforce.