HomeVamana PuranaAdh. 38Shloka 33
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Shloka 33

Jabali Bound by the MonkeyJabali Bound by the Monkey: Nandayanti’s Ordeal and the Yamuna–Hiranyavati Sacred Corridor

चत्वारिशच्छतान्येव वार्धके क्लेशमुत्तमम् लप्स्यसे भूमिशय्याढ्यं कदन्नाशनभोजनम्

catvāriśacchatānyeva vārdhake kleśamuttamam lapsyase bhūmiśayyāḍhyaṃ kadannāśanabhojanam

„Und im Greisenalter wirst du vierhundert Jahre lang schweres Leid erlangen — reichlich darin, auf der Erde zu schlafen und elende Speise als Mahl zu essen.“

catvāriṃśat-śatāniforty hundreds (i.e., four thousand years)
catvāriṃśat-śatāni:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootcatvāriṃśat (प्रातिपदिक) + śata (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुṃsakaliṅga (n.), Prathamā/Dvitīyā-vibhakti (Nom./Acc. 1st/2nd), Bahuvacana (pl.); dvigu-samāsa
evaindeed/only
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; emphatic particle
vārdhakein old age
vārdhake:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvārdhaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुṃsakaliṅga (n.), Saptamī-vibhakti (Locative/7th), Ekavacana (sg.)
kleśamaffliction
kleśam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkleśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (m.), Dvitīyā-vibhakti (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana (sg.)
uttamamgreat/most intense
uttamam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootuttama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (m.), Dvitīyā-vibhakti (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana (sg.); viśeṣaṇa of kleśam
lapsyaseyou will obtain/meet with
lapsyase:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootlabh (लभ् धातु)
FormLuṭ-lakāra (Simple Future), Madhyama-puruṣa (2nd person), Ekavacana (sg.), Ātmanepada
bhūmi-śayyā-āḍhyamabounding in sleeping on the ground
bhūmi-śayyā-āḍhyam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhūmi (प्रातिपदिक) + śayyā (प्रातिपदिक) + āḍhya (प्रातिपदik)
FormNapुṃsakaliṅga (n.), Dvitīyā-vibhakti (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana (sg.); tatpuruṣa: bhūmau śayyā (ground-bed) + āḍhya (abounding in)
kadanna-aśana-bhojanamwretched food and eating (meals)
kadanna-aśana-bhojanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkadanna (प्रातिपदिक) + aśana (प्रातिपदिक) + bhojana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुṃsakaliṅga (n.), Dvitīyā-vibhakti (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana (sg.); dvandva (itaretara): kadannaṃ ca aśanaṃ ca bhojanaṃ ca (poor food, eating, meal)
Narrative voice (the son recounting) reporting the father’s speech to him
Jarā (old age) and sufferingAscetic-like subsistence imageryImpermanence of pleasureEthical reflection on embodiment

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

The compound catvāriṃśacchatāni literally yields ‘forty hundreds’ (=4000). Some recensions or interpretive traditions construe it as ‘four hundreds’ (=400) by different segmentation or by contextual harmonization with surrounding numbers. A critical edition check is needed to decide the intended figure.

These are stock markers of deprivation and decline, but they also echo ascetic tropes. The verse can be read as warning that involuntary austerity (through age and loss) differs from chosen tapas; hence one should cultivate dharma before decline forces renunciation.

It motivates urgency: since bodily conditions deteriorate, one should undertake meritorious acts—especially tīrtha-snāna, dāna, and vrata—while capable, rather than postponing spiritual effort to old age.