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Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 63

Devanagari script

ब्राह्मण उवाच । यदि देव मया सम्यग्गंतव्यं निजमंदिरम् । तद्ब्रूहि कर्मणा येन नरकं याति नो नरः

Transliteration

brāhmaṇa uvāca | yadi deva mayā samyaggaṃtavyaṃ nijamaṃdiram | tadbrūhi karmaṇā yena narakaṃ yāti no naraḥ

Translation

Der Brāhmaṇa sprach: „Wenn ich, o Herr, wahrhaftig rechtmäßig in meine eigene Wohnung zurückkehren soll, so sage mir: Durch welches Verhalten geht der Mensch nicht zur Hölle?“

Word by Word
ब्राह्मणःthe Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — Nominative singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√वच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन — “said”
यदिif
यदि:
Sambandha (Condition/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि (अव्यय)
Formशर्तबोधक अव्यय (conditional particle) — “if”
देवO lord
देव:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन — Vocative “O lord”
मयाby me
मया:
Kartr-karana (Agent-instrument/कर्ता-करण)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया (3rd), एकवचन — Instrumental “by me”
सम्यक्properly
सम्यक्:
Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक् (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण अव्यय (adverb) — “properly/correctly”
गन्तव्यम्should be gone / must go
गन्तव्यम्:
Kriya (Obligation/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (धातु) → गन्तव्य (कृदन्त/तव्यत्)
Formतव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive/obligative); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; भावे/कर्तरि—“is to be gone/should go”
निजमन्दिरम्my own dwelling
निजमन्दिरम्:
Karma (Goal/Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootनिज (प्रातिपदिक) + मन्दिर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः — “one’s own temple/house”
तत्then/that
तत्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन — “that/then” (correlative)
ब्रूहिtell
ब्रूहि:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√ब्रू (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), परस्मैपद; मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), एकवचन — “tell (me)”
कर्मणाby what deed
कर्मणा:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन — Instrumental “by (what) act/deed”
येनby which
येन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन — Relative instrumental “by which”
नरकम्hell
नरकम्:
Karma (Goal/Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootनरक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन — Accusative singular (goal)
यातिgoes
याति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√या (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन — “goes”
नnot
न:
Nishedha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधबोधक अव्यय (negation particle)
नरःa man/person
नरः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — Nominative singular (subject of ‘याति’)
Speaker

Brāhmaṇa (questioner)

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Deva/Lord (the instructing authority in the dialogue)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A brāhmaṇa with folded hands asks a radiant lord/teacher for the path of conduct that avoids hell; the setting is a quiet hermitage or tīrtha-bank, signaling a turn from fear to guidance.

Characters & Entities
B
Brāhmaṇa
Y
Yama

FAQs

Seeking guidance on right conduct is itself dharmic; liberation from suffering begins with sincere inquiry.

None in this verse; it introduces a dharma-focused question that leads into prescriptions like tīrthayātrā and worship.

Not yet; the next verse provides the recommended practices.

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